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Non-contact-lens-related Acanthamoeba keratitis caused by Acanthamoeba sp. group T4D/T4e

Morgane Vander Eecken, Anne-Sophie Messiaen (UGent) , Hannelore Hamerlinck (UGent) , Stien Vandendriessche (UGent) , Jerina Boelens (UGent) and Dimitri Roels (UGent)
(2024) PARASITOLOGIA. 4(3). p.296-304
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Abstract
Acanthamoeba keratitis (AK) is a rare but serious infection of the cornea, typically associated with contact lens wear. Here, we present a case of AK caused by the Acanthamoeba genotype T4D/T4e in a patient without identifiable risk factors: a 34-year-old woman who initially presented with signs and symptoms suggestive of herpetic keratitis, and who did not respond to conventional treatment. Corneal culture and targeted metagenomic analysis (18S rRNA, 16S-like rRNA) revealed the presence of an Acanthamoeba species closely related to the 'Nagington' strain. Despite intensive anti-Acanthamoeba therapy, complications arose necessitating penetrating keratoplasty. In conclusion, this case underscores the importance of considering Acanthamoeba as a causal agent of keratitis in non-contact-lens wearers. The identification of Acanthamoeba genotype T4D/T4e challenges the previous understanding of its pathogenic potential. Furthermore, it emphasizes the need for ongoing research into the pathogenicity of different Acanthamoeba subtypes. Early diagnosis and treatment are essential for preventing vision-threatening complications associated with AK.
Keywords
Acanthamoeba, keratitis, genotype T4D, IRIS ATROPHY, DIAGNOSIS, CATARACT

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MLA
Vander Eecken, Morgane, et al. “Non-Contact-Lens-Related Acanthamoeba Keratitis Caused by Acanthamoeba Sp. Group T4D/T4e.” PARASITOLOGIA, vol. 4, no. 3, 2024, pp. 296–304, doi:10.3390/parasitologia4030026.
APA
Vander Eecken, M., Messiaen, A.-S., Hamerlinck, H., Vandendriessche, S., Boelens, J., & Roels, D. (2024). Non-contact-lens-related Acanthamoeba keratitis caused by Acanthamoeba sp. group T4D/T4e. PARASITOLOGIA, 4(3), 296–304. https://doi.org/10.3390/parasitologia4030026
Chicago author-date
Vander Eecken, Morgane, Anne-Sophie Messiaen, Hannelore Hamerlinck, Stien Vandendriessche, Jerina Boelens, and Dimitri Roels. 2024. “Non-Contact-Lens-Related Acanthamoeba Keratitis Caused by Acanthamoeba Sp. Group T4D/T4e.” PARASITOLOGIA 4 (3): 296–304. https://doi.org/10.3390/parasitologia4030026.
Chicago author-date (all authors)
Vander Eecken, Morgane, Anne-Sophie Messiaen, Hannelore Hamerlinck, Stien Vandendriessche, Jerina Boelens, and Dimitri Roels. 2024. “Non-Contact-Lens-Related Acanthamoeba Keratitis Caused by Acanthamoeba Sp. Group T4D/T4e.” PARASITOLOGIA 4 (3): 296–304. doi:10.3390/parasitologia4030026.
Vancouver
1.
Vander Eecken M, Messiaen A-S, Hamerlinck H, Vandendriessche S, Boelens J, Roels D. Non-contact-lens-related Acanthamoeba keratitis caused by Acanthamoeba sp. group T4D/T4e. PARASITOLOGIA. 2024;4(3):296–304.
IEEE
[1]
M. Vander Eecken, A.-S. Messiaen, H. Hamerlinck, S. Vandendriessche, J. Boelens, and D. Roels, “Non-contact-lens-related Acanthamoeba keratitis caused by Acanthamoeba sp. group T4D/T4e,” PARASITOLOGIA, vol. 4, no. 3, pp. 296–304, 2024.
@article{01JHG0PNGT8J2VS8RQ67WTFES1,
  abstract     = {{Acanthamoeba keratitis (AK) is a rare but serious infection of the cornea, typically associated with contact lens wear. Here, we present a case of AK caused by the Acanthamoeba genotype T4D/T4e in a patient without identifiable risk factors: a 34-year-old woman who initially presented with signs and symptoms suggestive of herpetic keratitis, and who did not respond to conventional treatment. Corneal culture and targeted metagenomic analysis (18S rRNA, 16S-like rRNA) revealed the presence of an Acanthamoeba species closely related to the 'Nagington' strain. Despite intensive anti-Acanthamoeba therapy, complications arose necessitating penetrating keratoplasty. In conclusion, this case underscores the importance of considering Acanthamoeba as a causal agent of keratitis in non-contact-lens wearers. The identification of Acanthamoeba genotype T4D/T4e challenges the previous understanding of its pathogenic potential. Furthermore, it emphasizes the need for ongoing research into the pathogenicity of different Acanthamoeba subtypes. Early diagnosis and treatment are essential for preventing vision-threatening complications associated with AK.}},
  author       = {{Vander Eecken, Morgane and Messiaen, Anne-Sophie and Hamerlinck, Hannelore and Vandendriessche, Stien and Boelens, Jerina and Roels, Dimitri}},
  issn         = {{2673-6772}},
  journal      = {{PARASITOLOGIA}},
  keywords     = {{Acanthamoeba,keratitis,genotype T4D,IRIS ATROPHY,DIAGNOSIS,CATARACT}},
  language     = {{eng}},
  number       = {{3}},
  pages        = {{296--304}},
  title        = {{Non-contact-lens-related Acanthamoeba keratitis caused by Acanthamoeba sp. group T4D/T4e}},
  url          = {{http://doi.org/10.3390/parasitologia4030026}},
  volume       = {{4}},
  year         = {{2024}},
}
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