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Participation and co-theorising : how stakeholder interests and scientific outputs clash in the Horizon 2020 multi-actor approach

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Abstract
The multi-actor approach in the EU's Horizon 2020 program has seen use across a large number of research projects. However, there remain questions about the extent and depth of participation that is achieved in these research projects, and how it may enable joint production of scientific theory next to readily applicable practical knowledge. This article aims to explore the latter question by focusing on the potential of such co-theorising, understood as the involvement of stakeholders in producing scientific outputs. We analyse how researchers involved in this research project view the participation of stakeholders, how they deal with tensions in participation, and how these tensions are resolved. Through 17 semi-structured interviews with researchers involved in the project's Living Labs we show that there are tensions between the interests of stakeholders, the project requirements and research interests. The findings indicate that a focus on including the stakeholders in theorising comes at a cost of practical relevance to the stakeholder. To safeguard the practical relevance of participation, researchers choose to exclude discussion on theory and theoretical concepts from the living labs. This is despite an initial belief that co-theorising and the further participation of stakeholders in producing scientific outputs holds merit. Hence, researchers purposefully prioritize practical relevance to stakeholders, thereby reducing the potential for co-theorising. The fact that theories already need to be defined in a proposal stage and project's limit scope for redefinition of core concepts, make that advancing theory together with stakeholders is not well accommodated for in Horizon 2020. This also bears relevance for the Horizon Europe program which follows a similar approach.
Keywords
Participatory research, co-theorising, agriculture, Living Lab, Transdisciplinary research, Horizon Europe, Horizon 2020, LIVING LABS, KNOWLEDGE COPRODUCTION, INNOVATION, TRANSLATION, POLITICS, ROOM

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MLA
van der Velden, Daniel, et al. “Participation and Co-Theorising : How Stakeholder Interests and Scientific Outputs Clash in the Horizon 2020 Multi-Actor Approach.” NJAS-IMPACT IN AGRICULTURAL AND LIFE SCIENCES, vol. 96, no. 1, 2024, doi:10.1080/27685241.2024.2430004.
APA
van der Velden, D., Debruyne, L., Klerkx, L., & Dessein, J. (2024). Participation and co-theorising : how stakeholder interests and scientific outputs clash in the Horizon 2020 multi-actor approach. NJAS-IMPACT IN AGRICULTURAL AND LIFE SCIENCES, 96(1). https://doi.org/10.1080/27685241.2024.2430004
Chicago author-date
Velden, Daniel van der, Lies Debruyne, Laurens Klerkx, and Joost Dessein. 2024. “Participation and Co-Theorising : How Stakeholder Interests and Scientific Outputs Clash in the Horizon 2020 Multi-Actor Approach.” NJAS-IMPACT IN AGRICULTURAL AND LIFE SCIENCES 96 (1). https://doi.org/10.1080/27685241.2024.2430004.
Chicago author-date (all authors)
van der Velden, Daniel, Lies Debruyne, Laurens Klerkx, and Joost Dessein. 2024. “Participation and Co-Theorising : How Stakeholder Interests and Scientific Outputs Clash in the Horizon 2020 Multi-Actor Approach.” NJAS-IMPACT IN AGRICULTURAL AND LIFE SCIENCES 96 (1). doi:10.1080/27685241.2024.2430004.
Vancouver
1.
van der Velden D, Debruyne L, Klerkx L, Dessein J. Participation and co-theorising : how stakeholder interests and scientific outputs clash in the Horizon 2020 multi-actor approach. NJAS-IMPACT IN AGRICULTURAL AND LIFE SCIENCES. 2024;96(1).
IEEE
[1]
D. van der Velden, L. Debruyne, L. Klerkx, and J. Dessein, “Participation and co-theorising : how stakeholder interests and scientific outputs clash in the Horizon 2020 multi-actor approach,” NJAS-IMPACT IN AGRICULTURAL AND LIFE SCIENCES, vol. 96, no. 1, 2024.
@article{01JE3HPNHMPG2K1P5QKT47JGY5,
  abstract     = {{The multi-actor approach in the EU's Horizon 2020 program has seen use across a large number of research projects. However, there remain questions about the extent and depth of participation that is achieved in these research projects, and how it may enable joint production of scientific theory next to readily applicable practical knowledge. This article aims to explore the latter question by focusing on the potential of such co-theorising, understood as the involvement of stakeholders in producing scientific outputs. We analyse how researchers involved in this research project view the participation of stakeholders, how they deal with tensions in participation, and how these tensions are resolved. Through 17 semi-structured interviews with researchers involved in the project's Living Labs we show that there are tensions between the interests of stakeholders, the project requirements and research interests. The findings indicate that a focus on including the stakeholders in theorising comes at a cost of practical relevance to the stakeholder. To safeguard the practical relevance of participation, researchers choose to exclude discussion on theory and theoretical concepts from the living labs. This is despite an initial belief that co-theorising and the further participation of stakeholders in producing scientific outputs holds merit. Hence, researchers purposefully prioritize practical relevance to stakeholders, thereby reducing the potential for co-theorising. The fact that theories already need to be defined in a proposal stage and project's limit scope for redefinition of core concepts, make that advancing theory together with stakeholders is not well accommodated for in Horizon 2020. This also bears relevance for the Horizon Europe program which follows a similar approach.}},
  articleno    = {{2430004}},
  author       = {{van der Velden, Daniel and Debruyne, Lies and Klerkx, Laurens and Dessein, Joost}},
  issn         = {{2768-5241}},
  journal      = {{NJAS-IMPACT IN AGRICULTURAL AND LIFE SCIENCES}},
  keywords     = {{Participatory research,co-theorising,agriculture,Living Lab,Transdisciplinary research,Horizon Europe,Horizon 2020,LIVING LABS,KNOWLEDGE COPRODUCTION,INNOVATION,TRANSLATION,POLITICS,ROOM}},
  language     = {{eng}},
  number       = {{1}},
  pages        = {{25}},
  title        = {{Participation and co-theorising : how stakeholder interests and scientific outputs clash in the Horizon 2020 multi-actor approach}},
  url          = {{http://doi.org/10.1080/27685241.2024.2430004}},
  volume       = {{96}},
  year         = {{2024}},
}

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