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Glycomics as prognostic biomarkers of hepatocellular carcinoma : a systematic review

Nicky Somers, Emma Butaye (UGent) , Lorenz Grossar (UGent) , Nele Pauwels (UGent) , Anja Geerts (UGent) , Sarah Raevens (UGent) , Sander Lefere (UGent) , Lindsey Devisscher (UGent) , Leander Meuris (UGent) , Nico Callewaert (UGent) , et al.
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Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most lethal malignancies, which is associated with a low 5-year survival rate. The importance of effective disease monitoring and prognostic evaluation is undeniable. For the present study, a systematic review was performed using extensive searches in Medline, Embase, Web of Science and Scopus up to December 29, 2023. The aim of the present study was to examine whether N-glycomics could predict the risk of developing HCC in adults with chronic liver disease and, if HCC was present, predict overall survival. As a secondary outcome, the prediction capability of HCC recurrence was assessed. After deduplication, 3,904 studies were identified, of which 30 were included. Overall, the median size of the study cohort was 144 patients, with a median follow-up time of 63.6 months. Three studies explored N-glycomics in whole serum, whereas the rest focused on individual glycoproteins, with Mac-2 binding protein glycosylation isomer (M2BPGi) being the most commonly studied. Most articles investigated baseline M2BPGi values as predictors for the development of HCC and demonstrated a median area under the curve of 0.83 with a cut-off index value of 1.8. In conclusion, it was revaled that N-glycan changes exhibit added value in determining patient prognosis in terms of survival, monitoring HCC development and recurrence.
Keywords
hepatocellular carcinoma, glycosylation, prognosis, biomarker, PROTEIN GLYCOSYLATION ISOMER, CHRONIC HEPATITIS-B, POSITIVE MAC-2-BINDING PROTEIN, ALPHA-FETOPROTEIN, LIVER FIBROSIS, N-GLYCANS, CANCER, GLYCOBIOMARKER, WFA(+)-M2BP, SURVIVAL

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MLA
Somers, Nicky, et al. “Glycomics as Prognostic Biomarkers of Hepatocellular Carcinoma : A Systematic Review.” ONCOLOGY LETTERS, vol. 29, no. 1, 2025, doi:10.3892/ol.2024.14769.
APA
Somers, N., Butaye, E., Grossar, L., Pauwels, N., Geerts, A., Raevens, S., … Verhelst, X. (2025). Glycomics as prognostic biomarkers of hepatocellular carcinoma : a systematic review. ONCOLOGY LETTERS, 29(1). https://doi.org/10.3892/ol.2024.14769
Chicago author-date
Somers, Nicky, Emma Butaye, Lorenz Grossar, Nele Pauwels, Anja Geerts, Sarah Raevens, Sander Lefere, et al. 2025. “Glycomics as Prognostic Biomarkers of Hepatocellular Carcinoma : A Systematic Review.” ONCOLOGY LETTERS 29 (1). https://doi.org/10.3892/ol.2024.14769.
Chicago author-date (all authors)
Somers, Nicky, Emma Butaye, Lorenz Grossar, Nele Pauwels, Anja Geerts, Sarah Raevens, Sander Lefere, Lindsey Devisscher, Leander Meuris, Nico Callewaert, Hans Van Vlierberghe, and Xavier Verhelst. 2025. “Glycomics as Prognostic Biomarkers of Hepatocellular Carcinoma : A Systematic Review.” ONCOLOGY LETTERS 29 (1). doi:10.3892/ol.2024.14769.
Vancouver
1.
Somers N, Butaye E, Grossar L, Pauwels N, Geerts A, Raevens S, et al. Glycomics as prognostic biomarkers of hepatocellular carcinoma : a systematic review. ONCOLOGY LETTERS. 2025;29(1).
IEEE
[1]
N. Somers et al., “Glycomics as prognostic biomarkers of hepatocellular carcinoma : a systematic review,” ONCOLOGY LETTERS, vol. 29, no. 1, 2025.
@article{01JDP5NE0R6738WWV166QMEM50,
  abstract     = {{Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most lethal malignancies, which is associated with a low 5-year survival rate. The importance of effective disease monitoring and prognostic evaluation is undeniable. For the present study, a systematic review was performed using extensive searches in Medline, Embase, Web of Science and Scopus up to December 29, 2023. The aim of the present study was to examine whether N-glycomics could predict the risk of developing HCC in adults with chronic liver disease and, if HCC was present, predict overall survival. As a secondary outcome, the prediction capability of HCC recurrence was assessed. After deduplication, 3,904 studies were identified, of which 30 were included. Overall, the median size of the study cohort was 144 patients, with a median follow-up time of 63.6 months. Three studies explored N-glycomics in whole serum, whereas the rest focused on individual glycoproteins, with Mac-2 binding protein glycosylation isomer (M2BPGi) being the most commonly studied. Most articles investigated baseline M2BPGi values as predictors for the development of HCC and demonstrated a median area under the curve of 0.83 with a cut-off index value of 1.8. In conclusion, it was revaled that N-glycan changes exhibit added value in determining patient prognosis in terms of survival, monitoring HCC development and recurrence.}},
  articleno    = {{24}},
  author       = {{Somers, Nicky and Butaye, Emma and Grossar, Lorenz and Pauwels, Nele and Geerts, Anja and Raevens, Sarah and Lefere, Sander and Devisscher, Lindsey and Meuris, Leander and Callewaert, Nico and Van Vlierberghe, Hans and Verhelst, Xavier}},
  issn         = {{1792-1074}},
  journal      = {{ONCOLOGY LETTERS}},
  keywords     = {{hepatocellular carcinoma,glycosylation,prognosis,biomarker,PROTEIN GLYCOSYLATION ISOMER,CHRONIC HEPATITIS-B,POSITIVE MAC-2-BINDING PROTEIN,ALPHA-FETOPROTEIN,LIVER FIBROSIS,N-GLYCANS,CANCER,GLYCOBIOMARKER,WFA(+)-M2BP,SURVIVAL}},
  language     = {{eng}},
  number       = {{1}},
  pages        = {{12}},
  title        = {{Glycomics as prognostic biomarkers of hepatocellular carcinoma : a systematic review}},
  url          = {{http://doi.org/10.3892/ol.2024.14769}},
  volume       = {{29}},
  year         = {{2025}},
}

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