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Comparative whole metagenome analysis in lesional and non-lesional scalp areas of psoriasis capitis patients and healthy individuals

Britta De Pessemier (UGent) , Celia Diez Lopez (UGent) , Steff Taelman (UGent) , Merel Verdonck (UGent) , Yang Chen, Annelies Stockman, Jo Lambert (UGent) , Tom Van de Wiele (UGent) and Chris Callewaert (UGent)
(2025) JOURNAL OF INVESTIGATIVE DERMATOLOGY. 145(3). p.605-617
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Abstract
Psoriasis is an immune-mediated inflammatory disorder, where the majority of the patients suffer from psoriasis capitis or scalp psoriasis. Current therapeutics remain ineffective to treat scalp lesions. In this study, we present a whole-metagenome characterization of the scalp microbiome in psoriasis capitis. We investigated how changes in the homeostatic cutaneous microbiome correlate with the condition and identified metagenomic biomarkers (taxonomic, functional, virulence factors, antimicrobial resistance genes) that could partly explain its emergence. Within this study, 83 top and back scalp samples from healthy individuals and 64 lesional and nonlesional scalp samples from subjects with untreated psoriasis capitis were analyzed. Using qPCR targeting the 16S and 18S ribosomal RNA genes, we found a significant decrease in microbial load within scalp regions affected by psoriasis compared with that in their nonlesional counterparts. Metagenomic analysis revealed that psoriatic lesions displayed significant lower Cutibacterium species (including C. modestum, C. namnetense, C. granulosum, C. porci), along with an elevation in Staphylococcus aureus. A heightened relative presence of efflux pump protein–encoding genes was detected, suggesting potential antimicrobial resistance mechanisms. These mechanisms are known to specifically target human antimicrobial peptides (including cathelicidin LL-37), which are frequently encountered within psoriasis lesions. These shifts in microbial community dynamics may contribute to psoriasis disease pathogenesis.
Keywords
Metagenomics, Pathogenomics, Psoriasis capitis, Scalp microbiome, Skin microbiome, HUMAN SKIN, ANTIMICROBIAL PEPTIDES, COMMUNITY VARIATION, ATOPIC-DERMATITIS, OXIDATIVE STRESS, MICROBIOTA, DIVERSITY, DISEASE, IMMUNITY, ROLES

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MLA
De Pessemier, Britta, et al. “Comparative Whole Metagenome Analysis in Lesional and Non-Lesional Scalp Areas of Psoriasis Capitis Patients and Healthy Individuals.” JOURNAL OF INVESTIGATIVE DERMATOLOGY, vol. 145, no. 3, 2025, pp. 605–17, doi:10.1016/j.jid.2024.07.020.
APA
De Pessemier, B., Diez Lopez, C., Taelman, S., Verdonck, M., Chen, Y., Stockman, A., … Callewaert, C. (2025). Comparative whole metagenome analysis in lesional and non-lesional scalp areas of psoriasis capitis patients and healthy individuals. JOURNAL OF INVESTIGATIVE DERMATOLOGY, 145(3), 605–617. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jid.2024.07.020
Chicago author-date
De Pessemier, Britta, Celia Diez Lopez, Steff Taelman, Merel Verdonck, Yang Chen, Annelies Stockman, Jo Lambert, Tom Van de Wiele, and Chris Callewaert. 2025. “Comparative Whole Metagenome Analysis in Lesional and Non-Lesional Scalp Areas of Psoriasis Capitis Patients and Healthy Individuals.” JOURNAL OF INVESTIGATIVE DERMATOLOGY 145 (3): 605–17. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jid.2024.07.020.
Chicago author-date (all authors)
De Pessemier, Britta, Celia Diez Lopez, Steff Taelman, Merel Verdonck, Yang Chen, Annelies Stockman, Jo Lambert, Tom Van de Wiele, and Chris Callewaert. 2025. “Comparative Whole Metagenome Analysis in Lesional and Non-Lesional Scalp Areas of Psoriasis Capitis Patients and Healthy Individuals.” JOURNAL OF INVESTIGATIVE DERMATOLOGY 145 (3): 605–617. doi:10.1016/j.jid.2024.07.020.
Vancouver
1.
De Pessemier B, Diez Lopez C, Taelman S, Verdonck M, Chen Y, Stockman A, et al. Comparative whole metagenome analysis in lesional and non-lesional scalp areas of psoriasis capitis patients and healthy individuals. JOURNAL OF INVESTIGATIVE DERMATOLOGY. 2025;145(3):605–17.
IEEE
[1]
B. De Pessemier et al., “Comparative whole metagenome analysis in lesional and non-lesional scalp areas of psoriasis capitis patients and healthy individuals,” JOURNAL OF INVESTIGATIVE DERMATOLOGY, vol. 145, no. 3, pp. 605–617, 2025.
@article{01J8QFY8CR1EXADZEPJTF5GAXS,
  abstract     = {{Psoriasis is an immune-mediated inflammatory disorder, where the majority of the patients suffer from psoriasis capitis or scalp psoriasis. Current therapeutics remain ineffective to treat scalp lesions. In this study, we present a whole-metagenome characterization of the scalp microbiome in psoriasis capitis. We investigated how changes in the homeostatic cutaneous microbiome correlate with the condition and identified metagenomic biomarkers (taxonomic, functional, virulence factors, antimicrobial resistance genes) that could partly explain its emergence. Within this study, 83 top and back scalp samples from healthy individuals and 64 lesional and nonlesional scalp samples from subjects with untreated psoriasis capitis were analyzed. Using qPCR targeting the 16S and 18S ribosomal RNA genes, we found a significant decrease in microbial load within scalp regions affected by psoriasis compared with that in their nonlesional counterparts. Metagenomic analysis revealed that psoriatic lesions displayed significant lower Cutibacterium species (including C. modestum, C. namnetense, C. granulosum, C. porci), along with an elevation in Staphylococcus aureus. A heightened relative presence of efflux pump protein–encoding genes was detected, suggesting potential antimicrobial resistance mechanisms. These mechanisms are known to specifically target human antimicrobial peptides (including cathelicidin LL-37), which are frequently encountered within psoriasis lesions. These shifts in microbial community dynamics may contribute to psoriasis disease pathogenesis.}},
  author       = {{De Pessemier, Britta and Diez Lopez, Celia and Taelman, Steff and Verdonck, Merel and Chen, Yang and Stockman, Annelies and Lambert, Jo and Van de Wiele, Tom and Callewaert, Chris}},
  issn         = {{0022-202X}},
  journal      = {{JOURNAL OF INVESTIGATIVE DERMATOLOGY}},
  keywords     = {{Metagenomics,Pathogenomics,Psoriasis capitis,Scalp microbiome,Skin microbiome,HUMAN SKIN,ANTIMICROBIAL PEPTIDES,COMMUNITY VARIATION,ATOPIC-DERMATITIS,OXIDATIVE STRESS,MICROBIOTA,DIVERSITY,DISEASE,IMMUNITY,ROLES}},
  language     = {{eng}},
  number       = {{3}},
  pages        = {{605--617}},
  title        = {{Comparative whole metagenome analysis in lesional and non-lesional scalp areas of psoriasis capitis patients and healthy individuals}},
  url          = {{http://doi.org/10.1016/j.jid.2024.07.020}},
  volume       = {{145}},
  year         = {{2025}},
}
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