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Booster heat pump with drop-in zeotropic mixtures applied in ultra-low temperature district heating system

Tingting Zhu, Elias Vieren (UGent) , Jierong Liang, Jan Eric Thorsen, Michel De Paepe (UGent) , Steven Lecompte (UGent) and Brian Elmegaard
(2024) ENERGY. 305.
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Abstract
The pursuit of sustainable district heating solutions has driven a growing interest in ultra-low temperature district heating (ULTDH) systems, where booster heat pumps (BHPs) play a pivotal role despite challenges posed by their efficiency limitations under large temperature glide conditions. This paper investigates the potential of drop-in R-1234yf/R-32 zeotropic mixtures in BHPs compared to a baseline R-134a system, within the context of a ULTDH framework. This study focused on the viability of the mixtures of R-1234yf/R-32 with the composition ratio of 80 %/20 % and 90 %/10 %. The investigation reveals disparities in compressor efficiency and heat exchanger pressure drop at the component level. Device-level analysis unveils increased COP for R-1234yf/R-32 mixtures, alongside with maximum second-law efficiencies reaching 0.32. A remarkable enhancement in heating capacity up to 58 % was found. System-level analysis demonstrated exergetic efficiencies and identified preferable district heating temperatures. Exergetic efficiencies of 0.47, 0.55, and 0.59 were achieved for domestic hot water preparation at district heating supply temperatures of 30 °C, 35 °C, and 40 °C, with a subsequent shift in optimal district heating temperatures as central heating station efficiency decreased. Temperature profile analysis underscored challenges stemming from excessive subcooling, highlighting the need for configuration refinements.
Keywords
Booster heat pump, District heating, Zeotropic mixture, Domestic hot water, Exergetic efficiency

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MLA
Zhu, Tingting, et al. “Booster Heat Pump with Drop-in Zeotropic Mixtures Applied in Ultra-Low Temperature District Heating System.” ENERGY, vol. 305, 2024, doi:10.1016/j.energy.2024.132292.
APA
Zhu, T., Vieren, E., Liang, J., Thorsen, J. E., De Paepe, M., Lecompte, S., & Elmegaard, B. (2024). Booster heat pump with drop-in zeotropic mixtures applied in ultra-low temperature district heating system. ENERGY, 305. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.energy.2024.132292
Chicago author-date
Zhu, Tingting, Elias Vieren, Jierong Liang, Jan Eric Thorsen, Michel De Paepe, Steven Lecompte, and Brian Elmegaard. 2024. “Booster Heat Pump with Drop-in Zeotropic Mixtures Applied in Ultra-Low Temperature District Heating System.” ENERGY 305. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.energy.2024.132292.
Chicago author-date (all authors)
Zhu, Tingting, Elias Vieren, Jierong Liang, Jan Eric Thorsen, Michel De Paepe, Steven Lecompte, and Brian Elmegaard. 2024. “Booster Heat Pump with Drop-in Zeotropic Mixtures Applied in Ultra-Low Temperature District Heating System.” ENERGY 305. doi:10.1016/j.energy.2024.132292.
Vancouver
1.
Zhu T, Vieren E, Liang J, Thorsen JE, De Paepe M, Lecompte S, et al. Booster heat pump with drop-in zeotropic mixtures applied in ultra-low temperature district heating system. ENERGY. 2024;305.
IEEE
[1]
T. Zhu et al., “Booster heat pump with drop-in zeotropic mixtures applied in ultra-low temperature district heating system,” ENERGY, vol. 305, 2024.
@article{01J2TK59FEP65E24R7732Y8NP1,
  abstract     = {{The pursuit of sustainable district heating solutions has driven a growing interest in ultra-low temperature district heating (ULTDH) systems, where booster heat pumps (BHPs) play a pivotal role despite challenges posed by their efficiency limitations under large temperature glide conditions. This paper investigates the potential of drop-in R-1234yf/R-32 zeotropic mixtures in BHPs compared to a baseline R-134a system, within the context of a ULTDH framework. This study focused on the viability of the mixtures of R-1234yf/R-32 with the composition ratio of 80 %/20 % and 90 %/10 %. The investigation reveals disparities in compressor efficiency and heat exchanger pressure drop at the component level. Device-level analysis unveils increased COP for R-1234yf/R-32 mixtures, alongside with maximum second-law efficiencies reaching 0.32. A remarkable enhancement in heating capacity up to 58 % was found. System-level analysis demonstrated exergetic efficiencies and identified preferable district heating temperatures. Exergetic efficiencies of 0.47, 0.55, and 0.59 were achieved for domestic hot water preparation at district heating supply temperatures of 30 °C, 35 °C, and 40 °C, with a subsequent shift in optimal district heating temperatures as central heating station efficiency decreased. Temperature profile analysis underscored challenges stemming from excessive subcooling, highlighting the need for configuration refinements.}},
  articleno    = {{132292}},
  author       = {{Zhu, Tingting and Vieren, Elias and Liang, Jierong and Thorsen, Jan Eric and De Paepe, Michel and Lecompte, Steven and Elmegaard, Brian}},
  issn         = {{0360-5442}},
  journal      = {{ENERGY}},
  keywords     = {{Booster heat pump,District heating,Zeotropic mixture,Domestic hot water,Exergetic efficiency}},
  language     = {{eng}},
  pages        = {{13}},
  title        = {{Booster heat pump with drop-in zeotropic mixtures applied in ultra-low temperature district heating system}},
  url          = {{http://doi.org/10.1016/j.energy.2024.132292}},
  volume       = {{305}},
  year         = {{2024}},
}
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