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Exploring the Holocene rise, disturbance and decline of pine forests in the river valleys of northeastern Belgium using pollen and botanical macroremains

Annelies Storme (UGent) , Luc Allemeersch, Ignace Bourgeois and Philippe Crombé (UGent)
(2024) REVIEW OF PALAEOBOTANY AND PALYNOLOGY. 328.
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Abstract
The Holocene evolution of vegetation and environment in the Kleine Nete valley in the coversand region of northeastern Belgium is studied through sedimentological, palynological and macrobotanical analysis of a radiocarbon dated peat sequence. Peat formation started at the beginning of the Holocene in mesotrophic fen conditions. After a period of fast peat growth, the accumulation slowed down and the peat surface became dry in the Middle Holocene. The palynological results are compared with other pollen data from the region, in order to establish a regional pollen biozonation for the Early and Middle Holocene in the Nete Basin. This shows that pine has long been a characteristic element in the Nete Basin. Pine forest expanded immediately after the 11.4 cold event, which is earlier than in the western Scheldt Basin. Pine and birch grew along the valley, possibly also within the peatland. Peaks of microcharcoal, herbs and/or coarse sediment in the peat reflect temporary local forest disturbances in the Early Holocene. Some may reflect small-scale controlled fires induced by hunter-gatherers, although a natural cause seems much more plausible given the dominance of fire-associated pines and increased drought. Pine remained important throughout the Early Holocene. This long-lasting predominance of pine in the Nete Basin, compared to elsewhere in the Scheldt Basin, is likely related to the poor sandy subsoil in the region, which hinders more nutrient-demanding broadleaf trees to overtake.
Keywords
Holocene, Paleoecology, Biostratigraphy, Forest development, Coversand region, Alluvial environment, VEGETATION DEVELOPMENT, CLIMATE OSCILLATIONS, ENVIRONMENTAL-CHANGE, NETHERLANDS, GERMANY, AREA, BOG, PALEOECOLOGY, CHRONOLOGY, PREBOREAL

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Citation

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MLA
Storme, Annelies, et al. “Exploring the Holocene Rise, Disturbance and Decline of Pine Forests in the River Valleys of Northeastern Belgium Using Pollen and Botanical Macroremains.” REVIEW OF PALAEOBOTANY AND PALYNOLOGY, vol. 328, 2024, doi:10.1016/j.revpalbo.2024.105145.
APA
Storme, A., Allemeersch, L., Bourgeois, I., & Crombé, P. (2024). Exploring the Holocene rise, disturbance and decline of pine forests in the river valleys of northeastern Belgium using pollen and botanical macroremains. REVIEW OF PALAEOBOTANY AND PALYNOLOGY, 328. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.revpalbo.2024.105145
Chicago author-date
Storme, Annelies, Luc Allemeersch, Ignace Bourgeois, and Philippe Crombé. 2024. “Exploring the Holocene Rise, Disturbance and Decline of Pine Forests in the River Valleys of Northeastern Belgium Using Pollen and Botanical Macroremains.” REVIEW OF PALAEOBOTANY AND PALYNOLOGY 328. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.revpalbo.2024.105145.
Chicago author-date (all authors)
Storme, Annelies, Luc Allemeersch, Ignace Bourgeois, and Philippe Crombé. 2024. “Exploring the Holocene Rise, Disturbance and Decline of Pine Forests in the River Valleys of Northeastern Belgium Using Pollen and Botanical Macroremains.” REVIEW OF PALAEOBOTANY AND PALYNOLOGY 328. doi:10.1016/j.revpalbo.2024.105145.
Vancouver
1.
Storme A, Allemeersch L, Bourgeois I, Crombé P. Exploring the Holocene rise, disturbance and decline of pine forests in the river valleys of northeastern Belgium using pollen and botanical macroremains. REVIEW OF PALAEOBOTANY AND PALYNOLOGY. 2024;328.
IEEE
[1]
A. Storme, L. Allemeersch, I. Bourgeois, and P. Crombé, “Exploring the Holocene rise, disturbance and decline of pine forests in the river valleys of northeastern Belgium using pollen and botanical macroremains,” REVIEW OF PALAEOBOTANY AND PALYNOLOGY, vol. 328, 2024.
@article{01J19G6WENX56GAGME8VDV8HSE,
  abstract     = {{The Holocene evolution of vegetation and environment in the Kleine Nete valley in the coversand region of northeastern Belgium is studied through sedimentological, palynological and macrobotanical analysis of a radiocarbon dated peat sequence. Peat formation started at the beginning of the Holocene in mesotrophic fen conditions. After a period of fast peat growth, the accumulation slowed down and the peat surface became dry in the Middle Holocene. The palynological results are compared with other pollen data from the region, in order to establish a regional pollen biozonation for the Early and Middle Holocene in the Nete Basin. This shows that pine has long been a characteristic element in the Nete Basin. Pine forest expanded immediately after the 11.4 cold event, which is earlier than in the western Scheldt Basin. Pine and birch grew along the valley, possibly also within the peatland. Peaks of microcharcoal, herbs and/or coarse sediment in the peat reflect temporary local forest disturbances in the Early Holocene. Some may reflect small-scale controlled fires induced by hunter-gatherers, although a natural cause seems much more plausible given the dominance of fire-associated pines and increased drought. Pine remained important throughout the Early Holocene. This long-lasting predominance of pine in the Nete Basin, compared to elsewhere in the Scheldt Basin, is likely related to the poor sandy subsoil in the region, which hinders more nutrient-demanding broadleaf trees to overtake.}},
  articleno    = {{105145}},
  author       = {{Storme, Annelies and Allemeersch, Luc and Bourgeois, Ignace and Crombé, Philippe}},
  issn         = {{0034-6667}},
  journal      = {{REVIEW OF PALAEOBOTANY AND PALYNOLOGY}},
  keywords     = {{Holocene,Paleoecology,Biostratigraphy,Forest development,Coversand region,Alluvial environment,VEGETATION DEVELOPMENT,CLIMATE OSCILLATIONS,ENVIRONMENTAL-CHANGE,NETHERLANDS,GERMANY,AREA,BOG,PALEOECOLOGY,CHRONOLOGY,PREBOREAL}},
  language     = {{eng}},
  pages        = {{16}},
  title        = {{Exploring the Holocene rise, disturbance and decline of pine forests in the river valleys of northeastern Belgium using pollen and botanical macroremains}},
  url          = {{http://doi.org/10.1016/j.revpalbo.2024.105145}},
  volume       = {{328}},
  year         = {{2024}},
}
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