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Leaving terrorism behind? The role of terrorist attacks in shaping migration intentions around the world

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Abstract
Terrorism globally yields severe consequences for individuals and societies, potentially driving migration within and across borders. Yet, empirical evidence on its causal impact remains limited. The contribution of our paper is twofold. First, we construct various indicators of terrorist activity at a fine level of spatial and temporal granularity, which allow to accurately identify individuals' exposure to terrorist threat. Second, we use these geo-localised indicators to empirically analyse the role of terrorist attacks in shaping internal and international migration intentions for 133 countries between 2007 and 2015. Our results indicate that terrorist attacks spur both internal and international migration intentions, though the effect is stronger for the latter. The effect on international migration intentions is linked to the intensity of attacks, rather than their frequency. Furthermore, the impact varies based on individual and country characteristics.
Keywords
Migration intentions, terrorism, international migration, internal migration

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MLA
Foubert, Killian, and Ilse Ruyssen. “Leaving Terrorism behind? The Role of Terrorist Attacks in Shaping Migration Intentions around the World.” JOURNAL OF ETHNIC AND MIGRATION STUDIES, 2025, doi:10.1080/1369183X.2024.2332742.
APA
Foubert, K., & Ruyssen, I. (2025). Leaving terrorism behind? The role of terrorist attacks in shaping migration intentions around the world. JOURNAL OF ETHNIC AND MIGRATION STUDIES. https://doi.org/10.1080/1369183X.2024.2332742
Chicago author-date
Foubert, Killian, and Ilse Ruyssen. 2025. “Leaving Terrorism behind? The Role of Terrorist Attacks in Shaping Migration Intentions around the World.” JOURNAL OF ETHNIC AND MIGRATION STUDIES. https://doi.org/10.1080/1369183X.2024.2332742.
Chicago author-date (all authors)
Foubert, Killian, and Ilse Ruyssen. 2025. “Leaving Terrorism behind? The Role of Terrorist Attacks in Shaping Migration Intentions around the World.” JOURNAL OF ETHNIC AND MIGRATION STUDIES. doi:10.1080/1369183X.2024.2332742.
Vancouver
1.
Foubert K, Ruyssen I. Leaving terrorism behind? The role of terrorist attacks in shaping migration intentions around the world. JOURNAL OF ETHNIC AND MIGRATION STUDIES. 2025;
IEEE
[1]
K. Foubert and I. Ruyssen, “Leaving terrorism behind? The role of terrorist attacks in shaping migration intentions around the world,” JOURNAL OF ETHNIC AND MIGRATION STUDIES, 2025.
@article{01HY30E60NQ9W05S067SQ09TG9,
  abstract     = {{Terrorism globally yields severe consequences for individuals and societies, potentially driving migration within and across borders. Yet, empirical evidence on its causal impact remains limited. The contribution of our paper is twofold. First, we construct various indicators of terrorist activity at a fine level of spatial and temporal granularity, which allow to accurately identify individuals' exposure to terrorist threat. Second, we use these geo-localised indicators to empirically analyse the role of terrorist attacks in shaping internal and international migration intentions for 133 countries between 2007 and 2015. Our results indicate that terrorist attacks spur both internal and international migration intentions, though the effect is stronger for the latter. The effect on international migration intentions is linked to the intensity of attacks, rather than their frequency. Furthermore, the impact varies based on individual and country characteristics.}},
  author       = {{Foubert, Killian and Ruyssen, Ilse}},
  issn         = {{1369-183X}},
  journal      = {{JOURNAL OF ETHNIC AND MIGRATION STUDIES}},
  keywords     = {{Migration intentions,terrorism,international migration,internal migration}},
  language     = {{eng}},
  title        = {{Leaving terrorism behind? The role of terrorist attacks in shaping migration intentions around the world}},
  url          = {{http://doi.org/10.1080/1369183X.2024.2332742}},
  year         = {{2025}},
}

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