@article{01HWQFXS3DYM63HKGGXJW39SKT,
  abstract     = {{Background It remains unclear whether routine cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) parameters can serve as predictors of multiple sclerosis (MS) disease course.Methods This large-scale cohort study included persons with MS with CSF data documented in the MSBase registry. CSF parameters to predict time to reach confirmed Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS) scores 4, 6 and 7 and annualised relapse rate in the first 2 years after diagnosis (ARR2) were assessed using (cox) regression analysis.Results In total, 11 245 participants were included of which 93.7% (n=10 533) were persons with relapsing-remitting MS (RRMS). In RRMS, the presence of CSF oligoclonal bands (OCBs) was associated with shorter time to disability milestones EDSS 4 (adjusted HR=1.272 (95% CI, 1.089 to 1.485), p=0.002), EDSS 6 (HR=1.314 (95% CI, 1.062 to 1.626), p=0.012) and EDSS 7 (HR=1.686 (95% CI, 1.111 to 2.558), p=0.014). On the other hand, the presence of CSF pleocytosis (>= 5 cells/mu L) increased time to moderate disability (EDSS 4) in RRMS (HR=0.774 (95% CI, 0.632 to 0.948), p=0.013). None of the CSF variables were associated with time to disability milestones in persons with primary progressive MS (PPMS). The presence of CSF pleocytosis increased ARR2 in RRMS (adjusted R2=0.036, p=0.015).Conclusions In RRMS, the presence of CSF OCBs predicts shorter time to disability milestones, whereas CSF pleocytosis could be protective. This could however not be found in PPMS. CSF pleocytosis is associated with short-term inflammatory disease activity in RRMS. CSF analysis provides prognostic information which could aid in clinical and therapeutic decision-making.}},
  author       = {{Dekeyser, Cathérine and Hautekeete, Matthias and Cambron, Melissa and Van Pesch, Vincent and Patti, Francesco and Kuhle, Jens and Khoury, Samia and Lechner Scott, Jeanette and Gerlach, Oliver and Lugaresi, Alessandra and Maimone, Davide and Surcinelli, Andrea and Grammond, Pierre and Kalincik, Tomas and Habek, Mario and Willekens, Barbara and Macdonell, Richard and Lalive, Patrice and Csepany, Tunde and Butzkueven, Helmut and Boz, Cavit and Tomassini, Valentina and Foschi, Matteo and Sánchez-Menoyo, José Luis and Altintas, Ayse and Mrabet, Saloua and Iuliano, Gerardo and Sa, Maria Jose and Alroughani, Raed and Karabudak, Rana and Aguera-Morales, Eduardo and Gray, Orla and de Gans, Koen and van der Walt, Anneke and McCombe, Pamela A and Deri, Norma and Garber, Justin and Al-Asmi, Abdullah and Skibina, Olga and Duquette, Pierre and Cartechini, Elisabetta and Spitaleri, Daniele and Gouider, Riadh and Soysal, Aysun and Van Hijfte, Liesbeth and Slee, Mark and Amato, Maria Pia and Buzzard, Katherine and Laureys, Guy}},
  issn         = {{0022-3050}},
  journal      = {{JOURNAL OF NEUROLOGY NEUROSURGERY AND PSYCHIATRY}},
  language     = {{eng}},
  number       = {{11}},
  pages        = {{1021--1031}},
  title        = {{Routine CSF parameters as predictors of disease course in multiple sclerosis : an MSBase cohort study}},
  url          = {{http://doi.org/10.1136/jnnp-2023-333307}},
  volume       = {{95}},
  year         = {{2024}},
}

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