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Decoding excimer formation in covalent–organic frameworks induced by morphology and ring torsion

Jeet Chakraborty (UGent) , Amrita Chatterjee (UGent) , Korneel Molkens (UGent) , Ipsita Nath (UGent) , Daniel Arenas Esteban, Laurens Bourda (UGent) , Geert Watson (UGent) , Chunhui Liu (UGent) , Dries Van Thourhout (UGent) , Sara Bals, et al.
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Abstract
A thorough and quantitative understanding of the fate of excitons in covalent-organic frameworks (COFs) after photoexcitation is essential for their augmented optoelectronic and photocatalytic applications via precise structure tuning. The synthesis of a library of COFs having identical chemical backbone with impeded conjugation, but varied morphology and surface topography to study the effect of these physical properties on the photophysics of the materials is herein reported. The variation of crystallite size and surface topography substantified different aggregation pattern in the COFs, which leads to disparities in their photoexcitation and relaxation properties. Depending on aggregation, an inverse correlation between bulk luminescence decay time and exciton binding energy of the materials is perceived. Further transient absorption spectroscopic analysis confirms the presence of highly localized, immobile, Frenkel excitons (of diameter 0.3-0.5 nm) via an absence of annihilation at high density, most likely induced by structural torsion of the COF skeletons, which in turn preferentially relaxes via long-lived (nanosecond to microsecond) excimer formation (in femtosecond scale) over direct emission. These insights underpin the importance of structural and topological design of COFs for their targeted use in photocatalysis. Covalent organic frameworks (COFs) are a class of extended organic semiconductors routinely used for photocatalysis. However, excited-state charge dynamics in these materials is still a black box. This work establishes the effect of physical parameters, e.g., morphology and topography of COFs on their photophysical and photocatalytic properties originating from different transient intermediates. image
Keywords
transient absorption, lifetime, exciton, excimer, covalent-organic framework

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Citation

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MLA
Chakraborty, Jeet, et al. “Decoding Excimer Formation in Covalent–Organic Frameworks Induced by Morphology and Ring Torsion.” ADVANCED MATERIALS, vol. 36, no. 26, 2024, doi:10.1002/adma.202314056.
APA
Chakraborty, J., Chatterjee, A., Molkens, K., Nath, I., Arenas Esteban, D., Bourda, L., … Van Der Voort, P. (2024). Decoding excimer formation in covalent–organic frameworks induced by morphology and ring torsion. ADVANCED MATERIALS, 36(26). https://doi.org/10.1002/adma.202314056
Chicago author-date
Chakraborty, Jeet, Amrita Chatterjee, Korneel Molkens, Ipsita Nath, Daniel Arenas Esteban, Laurens Bourda, Geert Watson, et al. 2024. “Decoding Excimer Formation in Covalent–Organic Frameworks Induced by Morphology and Ring Torsion.” ADVANCED MATERIALS 36 (26). https://doi.org/10.1002/adma.202314056.
Chicago author-date (all authors)
Chakraborty, Jeet, Amrita Chatterjee, Korneel Molkens, Ipsita Nath, Daniel Arenas Esteban, Laurens Bourda, Geert Watson, Chunhui Liu, Dries Van Thourhout, Sara Bals, Pieter Geiregat, and Pascal Van Der Voort. 2024. “Decoding Excimer Formation in Covalent–Organic Frameworks Induced by Morphology and Ring Torsion.” ADVANCED MATERIALS 36 (26). doi:10.1002/adma.202314056.
Vancouver
1.
Chakraborty J, Chatterjee A, Molkens K, Nath I, Arenas Esteban D, Bourda L, et al. Decoding excimer formation in covalent–organic frameworks induced by morphology and ring torsion. ADVANCED MATERIALS. 2024;36(26).
IEEE
[1]
J. Chakraborty et al., “Decoding excimer formation in covalent–organic frameworks induced by morphology and ring torsion,” ADVANCED MATERIALS, vol. 36, no. 26, 2024.
@article{01HWG04AN7Q0SSFSJMF95G8YEW,
  abstract     = {{A thorough and quantitative understanding of the fate of excitons in covalent-organic frameworks (COFs) after photoexcitation is essential for their augmented optoelectronic and photocatalytic applications via precise structure tuning. The synthesis of a library of COFs having identical chemical backbone with impeded conjugation, but varied morphology and surface topography to study the effect of these physical properties on the photophysics of the materials is herein reported. The variation of crystallite size and surface topography substantified different aggregation pattern in the COFs, which leads to disparities in their photoexcitation and relaxation properties. Depending on aggregation, an inverse correlation between bulk luminescence decay time and exciton binding energy of the materials is perceived. Further transient absorption spectroscopic analysis confirms the presence of highly localized, immobile, Frenkel excitons (of diameter 0.3-0.5 nm) via an absence of annihilation at high density, most likely induced by structural torsion of the COF skeletons, which in turn preferentially relaxes via long-lived (nanosecond to microsecond) excimer formation (in femtosecond scale) over direct emission. These insights underpin the importance of structural and topological design of COFs for their targeted use in photocatalysis.

Covalent organic frameworks (COFs) are a class of extended organic semiconductors routinely used for photocatalysis. However, excited-state charge dynamics in these materials is still a black box. This work establishes the effect of physical parameters, e.g., morphology and topography of COFs on their photophysical and photocatalytic properties originating from different transient intermediates. image}},
  articleno    = {{2314056}},
  author       = {{Chakraborty, Jeet and Chatterjee, Amrita and Molkens, Korneel and Nath, Ipsita and Arenas Esteban, Daniel and Bourda, Laurens and Watson, Geert and Liu, Chunhui and Van Thourhout, Dries and Bals, Sara and Geiregat, Pieter and Van Der Voort, Pascal}},
  issn         = {{0935-9648}},
  journal      = {{ADVANCED MATERIALS}},
  keywords     = {{transient absorption,lifetime,exciton,excimer,covalent-organic framework}},
  language     = {{eng}},
  number       = {{26}},
  pages        = {{11}},
  title        = {{Decoding excimer formation in covalent–organic frameworks induced by morphology and ring torsion}},
  url          = {{http://doi.org/10.1002/adma.202314056}},
  volume       = {{36}},
  year         = {{2024}},
}

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