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Process and outcome evaluation of a social norms approach intervention on alcohol use among Flemish university students : a quasi-experimental study

Hanna van Roozendaal, Katleen Derickx, Koen Ponnet (UGent) , Benedicte Deforche (UGent) , Annelies Thienpondt (UGent) , Inge Glazemakers, Stijn Verhulst, Jozef De Dooy, Nico van der Lely and Guido Van Hal
(2024) ARCHIVES OF PUBLIC HEALTH. 82(1).
Author
Organization
Abstract
Background Alcohol consumption is prevalent among students, with a common tendency to overestimate peers' alcohol use, contributing to increased consumption. This misperception is evident among Flemish students. This study aimed to develop and assess a Social Norms Approach (SNA) intervention targeting Flemish students to correct misperceptions and subsequently reduce alcohol use.Methods The 'Alcoholfacts' social media campaign was implemented using a quasi-experimental design from November 2022 to March 2023. A process evaluation followed Medical Research Council guidance, and intervention effects were evaluated using baseline and post-intervention surveys. Multiple linear regression with a Difference-in-Difference approach was performed for outcome assessment, using an intention-to-treat approach.Results The process evaluation showed that 36.3% of the intervention group had seen the campaign and that most of the exposed students found the campaign credible (73.3%). However, 54.8% of the exposed students did not find the campaign appealing. Results of the outcome assessment indicated that students of the intervention group at endline estimated students' alcohol consumption significantly lower (bootstrapped p = 0.013; B = -1.93, bootstrapped CI = -3.620 to -0.565) compared to students of the control group. However, no significant intervention effect on student's alcohol consumption was found (bootstrapped p = 0.741; B = -0.32, bootstrapped CI = -2.101 to 1.534).Conclusions The study supports the efficacy of an SNA campaign in correcting misperceptions but did not yield an immediate reduction in alcohol consumption. Future research should involve the target group in campaign material development to enhance attractiveness and impact.
Keywords
Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health, Social Media, Social Norms Approach, Social Norms, Alcohol Drinking in College, Alcohol Drinking, Students, Belgium, Outcome and Process Assessment, Campaign, Health Promotion

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MLA
van Roozendaal, Hanna, et al. “Process and Outcome Evaluation of a Social Norms Approach Intervention on Alcohol Use among Flemish University Students : A Quasi-Experimental Study.” ARCHIVES OF PUBLIC HEALTH, vol. 82, no. 1, 2024, doi:10.1186/s13690-024-01265-w.
APA
van Roozendaal, H., Derickx, K., Ponnet, K., Deforche, B., Thienpondt, A., Glazemakers, I., … Van Hal, G. (2024). Process and outcome evaluation of a social norms approach intervention on alcohol use among Flemish university students : a quasi-experimental study. ARCHIVES OF PUBLIC HEALTH, 82(1). https://doi.org/10.1186/s13690-024-01265-w
Chicago author-date
Roozendaal, Hanna van, Katleen Derickx, Koen Ponnet, Benedicte Deforche, Annelies Thienpondt, Inge Glazemakers, Stijn Verhulst, Jozef De Dooy, Nico van der Lely, and Guido Van Hal. 2024. “Process and Outcome Evaluation of a Social Norms Approach Intervention on Alcohol Use among Flemish University Students : A Quasi-Experimental Study.” ARCHIVES OF PUBLIC HEALTH 82 (1). https://doi.org/10.1186/s13690-024-01265-w.
Chicago author-date (all authors)
van Roozendaal, Hanna, Katleen Derickx, Koen Ponnet, Benedicte Deforche, Annelies Thienpondt, Inge Glazemakers, Stijn Verhulst, Jozef De Dooy, Nico van der Lely, and Guido Van Hal. 2024. “Process and Outcome Evaluation of a Social Norms Approach Intervention on Alcohol Use among Flemish University Students : A Quasi-Experimental Study.” ARCHIVES OF PUBLIC HEALTH 82 (1). doi:10.1186/s13690-024-01265-w.
Vancouver
1.
van Roozendaal H, Derickx K, Ponnet K, Deforche B, Thienpondt A, Glazemakers I, et al. Process and outcome evaluation of a social norms approach intervention on alcohol use among Flemish university students : a quasi-experimental study. ARCHIVES OF PUBLIC HEALTH. 2024;82(1).
IEEE
[1]
H. van Roozendaal et al., “Process and outcome evaluation of a social norms approach intervention on alcohol use among Flemish university students : a quasi-experimental study,” ARCHIVES OF PUBLIC HEALTH, vol. 82, no. 1, 2024.
@article{01HV13719M1H21ZG6JQZ26R6FS,
  abstract     = {{Background Alcohol consumption is prevalent among students, with a common tendency to overestimate peers' alcohol use, contributing to increased consumption. This misperception is evident among Flemish students. This study aimed to develop and assess a Social Norms Approach (SNA) intervention targeting Flemish students to correct misperceptions and subsequently reduce alcohol use.Methods The 'Alcoholfacts' social media campaign was implemented using a quasi-experimental design from November 2022 to March 2023. A process evaluation followed Medical Research Council guidance, and intervention effects were evaluated using baseline and post-intervention surveys. Multiple linear regression with a Difference-in-Difference approach was performed for outcome assessment, using an intention-to-treat approach.Results The process evaluation showed that 36.3% of the intervention group had seen the campaign and that most of the exposed students found the campaign credible (73.3%). However, 54.8% of the exposed students did not find the campaign appealing. Results of the outcome assessment indicated that students of the intervention group at endline estimated students' alcohol consumption significantly lower (bootstrapped p = 0.013; B = -1.93, bootstrapped CI = -3.620 to -0.565) compared to students of the control group. However, no significant intervention effect on student's alcohol consumption was found (bootstrapped p = 0.741; B = -0.32, bootstrapped CI = -2.101 to 1.534).Conclusions The study supports the efficacy of an SNA campaign in correcting misperceptions but did not yield an immediate reduction in alcohol consumption. Future research should involve the target group in campaign material development to enhance attractiveness and impact.}},
  articleno    = {{45}},
  author       = {{van Roozendaal, Hanna and Derickx, Katleen and Ponnet, Koen and Deforche, Benedicte and Thienpondt, Annelies and Glazemakers, Inge and Verhulst, Stijn and De Dooy, Jozef and van der Lely, Nico and Van Hal, Guido}},
  issn         = {{0778-7367}},
  journal      = {{ARCHIVES OF PUBLIC HEALTH}},
  keywords     = {{Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health,Social Media,Social Norms Approach,Social Norms,Alcohol Drinking in College,Alcohol Drinking,Students,Belgium,Outcome and Process Assessment,Campaign,Health Promotion}},
  language     = {{eng}},
  number       = {{1}},
  pages        = {{19}},
  title        = {{Process and outcome evaluation of a social norms approach intervention on alcohol use among Flemish university students : a quasi-experimental study}},
  url          = {{http://doi.org/10.1186/s13690-024-01265-w}},
  volume       = {{82}},
  year         = {{2024}},
}
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