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A review of implementation and evaluation frameworks for public health interventions to inform co-creation : a Health CASCADE study

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Abstract
Background By including the needs and perspectives of relevant stakeholders, co-creation is seen as a promising approach for tackling complex public health problems. However, recommendations and guidance on how to plan and implement co-creation are lacking. By identifying and analysing existing implementation and evaluation frame‑ works for public health, this study aims to ofer key recommendations for professional stakeholders and researchers wanting to adopt a co-creation approach to public health interventions. Methods Firstly, PubMed and CINAHL databases were screened for articles introducing original implementa‑ tion and evaluation frameworks for public health interventions. Backwards snowballing techniques were applied to the included papers. Secondly, identifed frameworks were classifed and relevant data extracted, including steps and constructs present in the frameworks. Lastly, recommendations were derived by conducting thematic analysis on the included frameworks. Results Thirty frameworks were identifed and data related to their nature and scope extracted. The frameworks’ prominent steps and constructs were also retrieved. Recommendations related to implementation and evaluation in the context of co-creation were included. Conclusion When engaging in co-creation, we recommend including implementation considerations from an early stage and suggest adopting a systems thinking as a way to explore multiple levels of infuence, contextual settings and systems from an early planning stage. We highlight the importance of partnering with stakeholders and sug‑ gest applying an evaluation design that is iterative and cyclical, which pays particular attention to the experience of the engaged co-creators.
Keywords
Health Policy, Implementation, Evaluation, Framework, Public health, Co-creation, Evidence-based, Review, Systems thinking

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MLA
Longworth, Giuliana Raffaella, et al. “A Review of Implementation and Evaluation Frameworks for Public Health Interventions to Inform Co-Creation : A Health CASCADE Study.” HEALTH RESEARCH POLICY AND SYSTEMS, vol. 22, no. 1, 2024, doi:10.1186/s12961-024-01126-6.
APA
Longworth, G. R., Goh, K., Agnello, D. M., Messiha, K., Beeckman, M., Zapata-Restrepo, J. R., … Giné-Garriga, M. (2024). A review of implementation and evaluation frameworks for public health interventions to inform co-creation : a Health CASCADE study. HEALTH RESEARCH POLICY AND SYSTEMS, 22(1). https://doi.org/10.1186/s12961-024-01126-6
Chicago author-date
Longworth, Giuliana Raffaella, Kunshan Goh, Danielle Marie Agnello, Katrina Messiha, Melanie Beeckman, Jorge Raul Zapata-Restrepo, Greet Cardon, Sebastien Chastin, and Maria Giné-Garriga. 2024. “A Review of Implementation and Evaluation Frameworks for Public Health Interventions to Inform Co-Creation : A Health CASCADE Study.” HEALTH RESEARCH POLICY AND SYSTEMS 22 (1). https://doi.org/10.1186/s12961-024-01126-6.
Chicago author-date (all authors)
Longworth, Giuliana Raffaella, Kunshan Goh, Danielle Marie Agnello, Katrina Messiha, Melanie Beeckman, Jorge Raul Zapata-Restrepo, Greet Cardon, Sebastien Chastin, and Maria Giné-Garriga. 2024. “A Review of Implementation and Evaluation Frameworks for Public Health Interventions to Inform Co-Creation : A Health CASCADE Study.” HEALTH RESEARCH POLICY AND SYSTEMS 22 (1). doi:10.1186/s12961-024-01126-6.
Vancouver
1.
Longworth GR, Goh K, Agnello DM, Messiha K, Beeckman M, Zapata-Restrepo JR, et al. A review of implementation and evaluation frameworks for public health interventions to inform co-creation : a Health CASCADE study. HEALTH RESEARCH POLICY AND SYSTEMS. 2024;22(1).
IEEE
[1]
G. R. Longworth et al., “A review of implementation and evaluation frameworks for public health interventions to inform co-creation : a Health CASCADE study,” HEALTH RESEARCH POLICY AND SYSTEMS, vol. 22, no. 1, 2024.
@article{01HT4JJPJ7KE83E0K5KSCE7T78,
  abstract     = {{Background By including the needs and perspectives of relevant stakeholders, co-creation is seen as a promising 
approach for tackling complex public health problems. However, recommendations and guidance on how to plan 
and implement co-creation are lacking. By identifying and analysing existing implementation and evaluation frame‑
works for public health, this study aims to ofer key recommendations for professional stakeholders and researchers 
wanting to adopt a co-creation approach to public health interventions.
Methods Firstly, PubMed and CINAHL databases were screened for articles introducing original implementa‑
tion and evaluation frameworks for public health interventions. Backwards snowballing techniques were applied 
to the included papers. Secondly, identifed frameworks were classifed and relevant data extracted, including steps 
and constructs present in the frameworks. Lastly, recommendations were derived by conducting thematic analysis 
on the included frameworks.
Results Thirty frameworks were identifed and data related to their nature and scope extracted. The frameworks’ 
prominent steps and constructs were also retrieved. Recommendations related to implementation and evaluation 
in the context of co-creation were included.
Conclusion When engaging in co-creation, we recommend including implementation considerations from an early 
stage and suggest adopting a systems thinking as a way to explore multiple levels of infuence, contextual settings 
and systems from an early planning stage. We highlight the importance of partnering with stakeholders and sug‑
gest applying an evaluation design that is iterative and cyclical, which pays particular attention to the experience 
of the engaged co-creators.}},
  articleno    = {{39}},
  author       = {{Longworth, Giuliana Raffaella and Goh, Kunshan and Agnello, Danielle Marie and Messiha, Katrina and Beeckman, Melanie and Zapata-Restrepo, Jorge Raul and Cardon, Greet and Chastin, Sebastien and Giné-Garriga, Maria}},
  issn         = {{1478-4505}},
  journal      = {{HEALTH RESEARCH POLICY AND SYSTEMS}},
  keywords     = {{Health Policy,Implementation,Evaluation,Framework,Public health,Co-creation,Evidence-based,Review,Systems thinking}},
  language     = {{eng}},
  number       = {{1}},
  pages        = {{12}},
  title        = {{A review of implementation and evaluation frameworks for public health interventions to inform co-creation : a Health CASCADE study}},
  url          = {{http://doi.org/10.1186/s12961-024-01126-6}},
  volume       = {{22}},
  year         = {{2024}},
}

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