@article{01HRSMBV7PYQ16QCAPC6G4MS7F,
  abstract     = {{Wild pollinators are crucial for ecosystem functioning and human food production and often rely on floral resources provided by different (semi‐) natural ecosystems for survival. Yet, the role of European forests, and especially the European forest herb layer, as a potential provider of floral resources for pollinators has scarcely been quantified.

In this study, we measured the potential nectar production (PNP) of the forest herb layer using resurvey data across 3326 plots in temperate forests in Europe, with an average time interval of 41 years between both surveys in order to assess (i) the importance of the forest herb layer in providing nectar for wild pollinators, (ii) the intra‐annual variation of PNP, (iii) the overall change in PNP between survey periods and (iv) the change in intra‐annual variation of PNP between survey periods. The PNP estimates nectar availability based on the relative cover of different plant species in the forest herb layer. Although PNP overestimates actual nectar production, relative differences amongst plots provide a valid and informative way to analyze differences across time and space.

Our results show that the forest herb layer has a large potential for providing nectar for wild pollinator communities, which is greatest in spring, with an average PNP of almost 16 g sugar/m/year. However, this potential has drastically declined (mean plot‐level decline >24%).

Change in light availability, associated with shifts in canopy structure and canopy composition, is the key driver of temporal PNP changes.

Our study shows that if management activities are carefully planned to sustain nectar‐producing plant species for wild pollinators, European forest herb layers and European forests as a whole can play key roles in sustaining wild pollinator populations.}},
  author       = {{De Schuyter, Wim and De Lombaerde, Emiel and Depauw, Leen and De Smedt, Pallieter and Stachurska‐Swakoń, Alina and Orczewska, Anna and Teleki, Balázs and Jaroszewicz, Bogdan and Closset, Déborah and Máliš, František and Mitchell, Fraser and Schei, Fride Høistad and Peterken, George and Decocq, Guillaume and Van Calster, Hans and Šebesta, Jan and Lenoir, Jonathan and Brunet, Jörg and Reczyńska, Kamila and Świerkosz, Krzysztof and Diekmann, Martin and Kopecký, Martin and Chudomelová, Markéta and Hermy, Martin and Macek, Martin and Newman, Miles and Wulf, Monika and Vild, Ondřej and Eriksson, Ove and Horchler, Peter and Petrik, Petr and Pielech, Remigiusz and Heinken, Thilo and Dirnböck, Thomas and Nagel, Thomas A. and Durak, Tomasz and Standovár, Tibor and Naaf, Tobias and Schmidt, Wolfgang and Baeten, Lander and De Frenne, Pieter and Bernhardt‐Römermann, Markus and Hédl, Radim and Waller, Don and Verheyen, Kris}},
  issn         = {{0022-0477}},
  journal      = {{JOURNAL OF ECOLOGY}},
  keywords     = {{Forest ecology,Forest management,Wild pollinators,Climate change,Ecosystem functioning,understorey,pollinator conservation,pollination,long-term vegetation resurvey,forestREplot,forest management,floral resources,ecosystem functioning,climate change,FLORAL RESOURCES,PLANT-RESPONSES,POLLINATORS,DIVERSITY,ECOSYSTEMS,SUCCESSION,VEGETATION,LANDSCAPE,COMMUNITY,DRIVERS}},
  language     = {{eng}},
  number       = {{4}},
  pages        = {{832--847}},
  title        = {{Declining potential nectar production of the herb layer in temperate forests under global change}},
  url          = {{http://doi.org/10.1111/1365-2745.14274}},
  volume       = {{112}},
  year         = {{2024}},
}

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