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Cutaneous transcriptomic profiling and candidate pigment genes in the wild discus (Symphysodon spp.)

Tian Tsyh Ng, Cher Chien Lau, Min Pau Tan, Li Lian Wong, Yeong Yik Sung, Tengku Sifzizul Tengku Muhammad, Yves Van de Peer (UGent) , Sui LiYing and Muhd Danish-Daniel
(2023) NEW ZEALAND JOURNAL OF ZOOLOGY. 50(4). p.478-496
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Abstract
Discus (Symphysodon spp.) is a popular freshwater ornamental fish with high market value due to its extraordinary skin pigmentation. The molecular mechanisms that govern skin colouration have yet to be identified. Six skin samples from wild discus were collected in the D1 (dorsal intense black bar stripe), D2 (ventral lighter bar stripes and orange carotenoid spots) and D3 (posterior without stripe nor spot) regions of wild discus for transcriptomic profiling and analysis. Differential analysis was conducted in 3 pair-wise comparisons, D1vsD3, D2vsD3 and D2vsD1. The results demonstrated that the melanin synthesis-associated genes (ERBB4, ADCY9, WNT2, 14-3-3 proteins and TSPAN genes) were upregulated in D1 and D2 regions, whereas carotenoids metabolism-associated genes (PLIN2, AHCY, RETSAT, STARD10, TTC39B and RDH1 genes) were uniquely expressed in D2 region. Amino acid metabolism-related pathways were enriched in both the D1 and D2 regions. MAPK pathway enrichment was detected merely in the D1 region, while various transporter activities were enriched in the D2 region. Further investigations speculated the key regulator roles of GNAQ, ADCY9, 14-3-3 and TSPAN genes in black vertical bar formation. This is the first fundamental report on discus skin pigment genes that could be extended into more detailed studies in the future.
Keywords
Animal Science and Zoology, discus, pigmentation, carotenoid, colour, Stripe

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MLA
Ng, Tian Tsyh, et al. “Cutaneous Transcriptomic Profiling and Candidate Pigment Genes in the Wild Discus (Symphysodon Spp.).” NEW ZEALAND JOURNAL OF ZOOLOGY, vol. 50, no. 4, 2023, pp. 478–96, doi:10.1080/03014223.2023.2180763.
APA
Ng, T. T., Lau, C. C., Tan, M. P., Wong, L. L., Sung, Y. Y., Sifzizul Tengku Muhammad, T., … Danish-Daniel, M. (2023). Cutaneous transcriptomic profiling and candidate pigment genes in the wild discus (Symphysodon spp.). NEW ZEALAND JOURNAL OF ZOOLOGY, 50(4), 478–496. https://doi.org/10.1080/03014223.2023.2180763
Chicago author-date
Ng, Tian Tsyh, Cher Chien Lau, Min Pau Tan, Li Lian Wong, Yeong Yik Sung, Tengku Sifzizul Tengku Muhammad, Yves Van de Peer, Sui LiYing, and Muhd Danish-Daniel. 2023. “Cutaneous Transcriptomic Profiling and Candidate Pigment Genes in the Wild Discus (Symphysodon Spp.).” NEW ZEALAND JOURNAL OF ZOOLOGY 50 (4): 478–96. https://doi.org/10.1080/03014223.2023.2180763.
Chicago author-date (all authors)
Ng, Tian Tsyh, Cher Chien Lau, Min Pau Tan, Li Lian Wong, Yeong Yik Sung, Tengku Sifzizul Tengku Muhammad, Yves Van de Peer, Sui LiYing, and Muhd Danish-Daniel. 2023. “Cutaneous Transcriptomic Profiling and Candidate Pigment Genes in the Wild Discus (Symphysodon Spp.).” NEW ZEALAND JOURNAL OF ZOOLOGY 50 (4): 478–496. doi:10.1080/03014223.2023.2180763.
Vancouver
1.
Ng TT, Lau CC, Tan MP, Wong LL, Sung YY, Sifzizul Tengku Muhammad T, et al. Cutaneous transcriptomic profiling and candidate pigment genes in the wild discus (Symphysodon spp.). NEW ZEALAND JOURNAL OF ZOOLOGY. 2023;50(4):478–96.
IEEE
[1]
T. T. Ng et al., “Cutaneous transcriptomic profiling and candidate pigment genes in the wild discus (Symphysodon spp.),” NEW ZEALAND JOURNAL OF ZOOLOGY, vol. 50, no. 4, pp. 478–496, 2023.
@article{01HRP642KSW5931ZHA9TP1QHRZ,
  abstract     = {{Discus (Symphysodon spp.) is a popular freshwater ornamental fish with high market value due to its extraordinary skin pigmentation. The molecular mechanisms that govern skin colouration have yet to be identified. Six skin samples from wild discus were collected in the D1 (dorsal intense black bar stripe), D2 (ventral lighter bar stripes and orange carotenoid spots) and D3 (posterior without stripe nor spot) regions of wild discus for transcriptomic profiling and analysis. Differential analysis was conducted in 3 pair-wise comparisons, D1vsD3, D2vsD3 and D2vsD1. The results demonstrated that the melanin synthesis-associated genes (ERBB4, ADCY9, WNT2, 14-3-3 proteins and TSPAN genes) were upregulated in D1 and D2 regions, whereas carotenoids metabolism-associated genes (PLIN2, AHCY, RETSAT, STARD10, TTC39B and RDH1 genes) were uniquely expressed in D2 region. Amino acid metabolism-related pathways were enriched in both the D1 and D2 regions. MAPK pathway enrichment was detected merely in the D1 region, while various transporter activities were enriched in the D2 region. Further investigations speculated the key regulator roles of GNAQ, ADCY9, 14-3-3 and TSPAN genes in black vertical bar formation. This is the first fundamental report on discus skin pigment genes that could be extended into more detailed studies in the future.}},
  author       = {{Ng, Tian Tsyh and Lau, Cher Chien and Tan, Min Pau and Wong, Li Lian and Sung, Yeong Yik and Sifzizul Tengku Muhammad, Tengku and Van de Peer, Yves and LiYing, Sui and Danish-Daniel, Muhd}},
  issn         = {{0301-4223}},
  journal      = {{NEW ZEALAND JOURNAL OF ZOOLOGY}},
  keywords     = {{Animal Science and Zoology,discus,pigmentation,carotenoid,colour,Stripe}},
  language     = {{eng}},
  number       = {{4}},
  pages        = {{478--496}},
  title        = {{Cutaneous transcriptomic profiling and candidate pigment genes in the wild discus (Symphysodon spp.)}},
  url          = {{http://doi.org/10.1080/03014223.2023.2180763}},
  volume       = {{50}},
  year         = {{2023}},
}
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