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Attention and interpretation bias modification transfers to memory bias : testing the combined cognitive bias hypothesis

(2024) COGNITIVE THERAPY AND RESEARCH. 48(4). p.648-660
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Abstract
Purpose This study delves into the combined cognitive bias hypothesis in depression, exploring the interaction between negative attention, interpretation and memory biases. We aimed to assess whether modifying attention and interpretation bias would lead to congruent changes in memory bias, and to what extend and depth this causal effect can be.Method Ninety-nine undergraduates underwent either a positive (PT) or negative (NT) four-day attention and interpretation bias training. A set of well-established post-training assessments including free recall, recognition, autobiographic memory, and self-reference encoding tasks were used to evaluate memory bias. Affective states were measured pre- and post-training.Results Compared to PT, participants in NT correctly retrieved more negative trained stimuli, and falsely recognized more negative synonyms of trained terms. NT also exhibited an enhanced retrieval of negative autobiographical memory. No significant differences were found between NT and PT in self-referential encoding and retrieval bias, or affective states.Discussion The results suggested an extensive and strong transfer effect from attention and interpretation bias modification to different facets of memory bias, being found in retrieving trained emotional stimuli, in memory intrusion of negative synonyms, and in autobiographic memory recall. The findings underscored the causality between three biases, supporting the combined cognitive bias hypothesis. It might also suggest an effective new approach to modify memory bias via attention and interpretation bias training.
Keywords
Attention bias, Interpretation bias, Memory bias, Cognitive bias, Experimental research, Mood, AUTOBIOGRAPHICAL MEMORY, INTERNAL CONSISTENCY, ANXIETY-SENSITIVITY, CONSTRUCT-VALIDITY, NEGATIVE AFFECT, DEPRESSION, INFORMATION, SPECIFICITY, INHIBITION, VALIDATION

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MLA
Zhang, Zhen, et al. “Attention and Interpretation Bias Modification Transfers to Memory Bias : Testing the Combined Cognitive Bias Hypothesis.” COGNITIVE THERAPY AND RESEARCH, vol. 48, no. 4, 2024, pp. 648–60, doi:10.1007/s10608-024-10478-w.
APA
Zhang, Z., Vrijsen, J. N., Sanchez-Lopez, A., Koster, E., & Becker, E. S. (2024). Attention and interpretation bias modification transfers to memory bias : testing the combined cognitive bias hypothesis. COGNITIVE THERAPY AND RESEARCH, 48(4), 648–660. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10608-024-10478-w
Chicago author-date
Zhang, Zhen, Janna N. Vrijsen, Alvaro Sanchez-Lopez, Ernst Koster, and Eni S. Becker. 2024. “Attention and Interpretation Bias Modification Transfers to Memory Bias : Testing the Combined Cognitive Bias Hypothesis.” COGNITIVE THERAPY AND RESEARCH 48 (4): 648–60. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10608-024-10478-w.
Chicago author-date (all authors)
Zhang, Zhen, Janna N. Vrijsen, Alvaro Sanchez-Lopez, Ernst Koster, and Eni S. Becker. 2024. “Attention and Interpretation Bias Modification Transfers to Memory Bias : Testing the Combined Cognitive Bias Hypothesis.” COGNITIVE THERAPY AND RESEARCH 48 (4): 648–660. doi:10.1007/s10608-024-10478-w.
Vancouver
1.
Zhang Z, Vrijsen JN, Sanchez-Lopez A, Koster E, Becker ES. Attention and interpretation bias modification transfers to memory bias : testing the combined cognitive bias hypothesis. COGNITIVE THERAPY AND RESEARCH. 2024;48(4):648–60.
IEEE
[1]
Z. Zhang, J. N. Vrijsen, A. Sanchez-Lopez, E. Koster, and E. S. Becker, “Attention and interpretation bias modification transfers to memory bias : testing the combined cognitive bias hypothesis,” COGNITIVE THERAPY AND RESEARCH, vol. 48, no. 4, pp. 648–660, 2024.
@article{01HR9E3MNB38P8SMQ0QJ5SS333,
  abstract     = {{Purpose This study delves into the combined cognitive bias hypothesis in depression, exploring the interaction between negative attention, interpretation and memory biases. We aimed to assess whether modifying attention and interpretation bias would lead to congruent changes in memory bias, and to what extend and depth this causal effect can be.Method Ninety-nine undergraduates underwent either a positive (PT) or negative (NT) four-day attention and interpretation bias training. A set of well-established post-training assessments including free recall, recognition, autobiographic memory, and self-reference encoding tasks were used to evaluate memory bias. Affective states were measured pre- and post-training.Results Compared to PT, participants in NT correctly retrieved more negative trained stimuli, and falsely recognized more negative synonyms of trained terms. NT also exhibited an enhanced retrieval of negative autobiographical memory. No significant differences were found between NT and PT in self-referential encoding and retrieval bias, or affective states.Discussion The results suggested an extensive and strong transfer effect from attention and interpretation bias modification to different facets of memory bias, being found in retrieving trained emotional stimuli, in memory intrusion of negative synonyms, and in autobiographic memory recall. The findings underscored the causality between three biases, supporting the combined cognitive bias hypothesis. It might also suggest an effective new approach to modify memory bias via attention and interpretation bias training.}},
  author       = {{Zhang, Zhen and Vrijsen, Janna N. and Sanchez-Lopez, Alvaro and Koster, Ernst and Becker, Eni S.}},
  issn         = {{0147-5916}},
  journal      = {{COGNITIVE THERAPY AND RESEARCH}},
  keywords     = {{Attention bias,Interpretation bias,Memory bias,Cognitive bias,Experimental research,Mood,AUTOBIOGRAPHICAL MEMORY,INTERNAL CONSISTENCY,ANXIETY-SENSITIVITY,CONSTRUCT-VALIDITY,NEGATIVE AFFECT,DEPRESSION,INFORMATION,SPECIFICITY,INHIBITION,VALIDATION}},
  language     = {{eng}},
  number       = {{4}},
  pages        = {{648--660}},
  title        = {{Attention and interpretation bias modification transfers to memory bias : testing the combined cognitive bias hypothesis}},
  url          = {{http://doi.org/10.1007/s10608-024-10478-w}},
  volume       = {{48}},
  year         = {{2024}},
}

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