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Adults with autism prefer person-first language in Dutch : a cross-country study

Hannah De Laet (UGent) , dr. Annabel Nijhof (UGent) and Roeljan Wiersema (UGent)
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Abstract
The correct language to refer to someone with a diagnosis of autism spectrum disorder has received a lot of attention in recent years. Studies in English-speaking countries found a main identity-first language (IFL) preference (e.g. autistic person) opposed to a person-first language preference (PFL) (e.g. person with autism) among adults with autism. However, a recent study conducted in a Dutch-speaking country (the Netherlands) reported a PFL preference (Buijsman et al., 2023). The goal of the current study was to gain insights into language preferences in two Dutch-speaking countries and, in contrast to previous studies, give participants the option to indicate not having a specific language preference. In the current study, we asked 414 Dutch-speaking adults with autism, living either in Belgium or the Netherlands, to fill in an online questionnaire about their language preference. We found that over half of the participants had a PFL preference (54%), followed by having no preference (27%). Only 14% of them had an IFL preference, and 5% proposed another term. Having more years of education was identified as a predictor for having an IFL preference when compared to a PFL preference, while being older predicted having no preference compared to a PFL preference. The majority of Dutch-speaking adults with autism showed a PFL preference, which is in contrast to findings from English-speaking countries, but in accord with a recent study conducted in the Netherlands (Buijsman et al., 2023). Implications of this finding for language use are discussed.
Keywords
Developmental and Educational Psychology, Language preference, Dutch, Identity-first language, Person-first language, Autism

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Citation

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MLA
De Laet, Hannah, et al. “Adults with Autism Prefer Person-First Language in Dutch : A Cross-Country Study.” JOURNAL OF AUTISM AND DEVELOPMENTAL DISORDERS, vol. 55, no. 6, 2025, pp. 2027–33, doi:10.1007/s10803-023-06192-3.
APA
De Laet, H., Nijhof, dr. A., & Wiersema, R. (2025). Adults with autism prefer person-first language in Dutch : a cross-country study. JOURNAL OF AUTISM AND DEVELOPMENTAL DISORDERS, 55(6), 2027–2033. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10803-023-06192-3
Chicago author-date
De Laet, Hannah, dr. Annabel Nijhof, and Roeljan Wiersema. 2025. “Adults with Autism Prefer Person-First Language in Dutch : A Cross-Country Study.” JOURNAL OF AUTISM AND DEVELOPMENTAL DISORDERS 55 (6): 2027–33. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10803-023-06192-3.
Chicago author-date (all authors)
De Laet, Hannah, dr. Annabel Nijhof, and Roeljan Wiersema. 2025. “Adults with Autism Prefer Person-First Language in Dutch : A Cross-Country Study.” JOURNAL OF AUTISM AND DEVELOPMENTAL DISORDERS 55 (6): 2027–2033. doi:10.1007/s10803-023-06192-3.
Vancouver
1.
De Laet H, Nijhof dr. A, Wiersema R. Adults with autism prefer person-first language in Dutch : a cross-country study. JOURNAL OF AUTISM AND DEVELOPMENTAL DISORDERS. 2025;55(6):2027–33.
IEEE
[1]
H. De Laet, dr. A. Nijhof, and R. Wiersema, “Adults with autism prefer person-first language in Dutch : a cross-country study,” JOURNAL OF AUTISM AND DEVELOPMENTAL DISORDERS, vol. 55, no. 6, pp. 2027–2033, 2025.
@article{01HK4VEB7MJXJS99HASE8KX3XS,
  abstract     = {{The correct language to refer to someone with a diagnosis of autism spectrum disorder has received a lot of attention in recent years. Studies in English-speaking countries found a main identity-first language (IFL) preference (e.g. autistic person) opposed to a person-first language preference (PFL) (e.g. person with autism) among adults with autism. However, a recent study conducted in a Dutch-speaking country (the Netherlands) reported a PFL preference (Buijsman et al., 2023). The goal of the current study was to gain insights into language preferences in two Dutch-speaking countries and, in contrast to previous studies, give participants the option to indicate not having a specific language preference. In the current study, we asked 414 Dutch-speaking adults with autism, living either in Belgium or the Netherlands, to fill in an online questionnaire about their language preference. We found that over half of the participants had a PFL preference (54%), followed by having no preference (27%). Only 14% of them had an IFL preference, and 5% proposed another term. Having more years of education was identified as a predictor for having an IFL preference when compared to a PFL preference, while being older predicted having no preference compared to a PFL preference. The majority of Dutch-speaking adults with autism showed a PFL preference, which is in contrast to findings from English-speaking countries, but in accord with a recent study conducted in the Netherlands (Buijsman et al., 2023). Implications of this finding for language use are discussed.}},
  author       = {{De Laet, Hannah and Nijhof, dr. Annabel and Wiersema, Roeljan}},
  issn         = {{0162-3257}},
  journal      = {{JOURNAL OF AUTISM AND DEVELOPMENTAL DISORDERS}},
  keywords     = {{Developmental and Educational Psychology,Language preference,Dutch,Identity-first language,Person-first language,Autism}},
  language     = {{eng}},
  number       = {{6}},
  pages        = {{2027--2033}},
  title        = {{Adults with autism prefer person-first language in Dutch : a cross-country study}},
  url          = {{http://doi.org/10.1007/s10803-023-06192-3}},
  volume       = {{55}},
  year         = {{2025}},
}

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