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The RML ontology : a community-driven modular redesign after a decade of experience in mapping heterogeneous data to RDF

Ana Iglesias-Molina, Dylan Van Assche (UGent) , Julián Arenas-Guerrero, Ben De Meester (UGent) , Christophe Debruyne, Samaneh Jozashoori, Pano Maria, Franck Michel, David Chaves-Fraga and Anastasia Dimou (UGent)
(2023) SEMANTIC WEB, ISWC 2023, PT 2. In Lecture Notes in Computer Science 14266. p.152-175
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Abstract
The Relational to RDF Mapping Language (R2RML) became a W3C Recommendation a decade ago. Despite its wide adoption, its potential applicability beyond relational databases was swiftly explored. As a result, several extensions and new mapping languages were proposed to tackle the limitations that surfaced as R2RML was applied in real-world use cases. Over the years, one of these languages, the RDF Mapping Language (RML), has gathered a large community of contributors, users, and compliant tools. So far, there has been no well-defined set of features for the mapping language, nor was there a consensus-marking ontology. Consequently, it has become challenging for non-experts to fully comprehend and utilize the full range of the language’s capabilities. After three years of work, the W3C Community Group on Knowledge Graph Construction proposes a new specification for RML. This paper presents the new modular RML ontology and the accompanying SHACL shapes that complement the specification. We discuss the motivations and challenges that emerged when extending R2RML, the methodology we followed to design the new ontology while ensuring its backward compatibility with R2RML, and the novel features which increase its expressiveness. The new ontology consolidates the potential of RML, empowers practitioners to define mapping rules for constructing RDF graphs that were previously unattainable, and allows developers to implement systems in adherence with [R2]RML.
Keywords
Declarative Language, R2RML, RML, Knowledge Graph

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MLA
Iglesias-Molina, Ana, et al. “The RML Ontology : A Community-Driven Modular Redesign after a Decade of Experience in Mapping Heterogeneous Data to RDF.” SEMANTIC WEB, ISWC 2023, PT 2, edited by Terry R. Payne et al., vol. 14266, Springer, 2023, pp. 152–75, doi:10.1007/978-3-031-47243-5_9.
APA
Iglesias-Molina, A., Van Assche, D., Arenas-Guerrero, J., De Meester, B., Debruyne, C., Jozashoori, S., … Dimou, A. (2023). The RML ontology : a community-driven modular redesign after a decade of experience in mapping heterogeneous data to RDF. In T. R. Payne, V. Presutti, G. Qi, M. Poveda-Villalón, G. Stoilos, L. Hollink, … J. Li (Eds.), SEMANTIC WEB, ISWC 2023, PT 2 (Vol. 14266, pp. 152–175). https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-47243-5_9
Chicago author-date
Iglesias-Molina, Ana, Dylan Van Assche, Julián Arenas-Guerrero, Ben De Meester, Christophe Debruyne, Samaneh Jozashoori, Pano Maria, Franck Michel, David Chaves-Fraga, and Anastasia Dimou. 2023. “The RML Ontology : A Community-Driven Modular Redesign after a Decade of Experience in Mapping Heterogeneous Data to RDF.” In SEMANTIC WEB, ISWC 2023, PT 2, edited by Terry R. Payne, Valentina Presutti, Guilin Qi, María Poveda-Villalón, Giorgos Stoilos, Laura Hollink, Zoi Kaoudi, Gong Cheng, and Juanzi Li, 14266:152–75. Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-47243-5_9.
Chicago author-date (all authors)
Iglesias-Molina, Ana, Dylan Van Assche, Julián Arenas-Guerrero, Ben De Meester, Christophe Debruyne, Samaneh Jozashoori, Pano Maria, Franck Michel, David Chaves-Fraga, and Anastasia Dimou. 2023. “The RML Ontology : A Community-Driven Modular Redesign after a Decade of Experience in Mapping Heterogeneous Data to RDF.” In SEMANTIC WEB, ISWC 2023, PT 2, ed by. Terry R. Payne, Valentina Presutti, Guilin Qi, María Poveda-Villalón, Giorgos Stoilos, Laura Hollink, Zoi Kaoudi, Gong Cheng, and Juanzi Li, 14266:152–175. Springer. doi:10.1007/978-3-031-47243-5_9.
Vancouver
1.
Iglesias-Molina A, Van Assche D, Arenas-Guerrero J, De Meester B, Debruyne C, Jozashoori S, et al. The RML ontology : a community-driven modular redesign after a decade of experience in mapping heterogeneous data to RDF. In: Payne TR, Presutti V, Qi G, Poveda-Villalón M, Stoilos G, Hollink L, et al., editors. SEMANTIC WEB, ISWC 2023, PT 2. Springer; 2023. p. 152–75.
IEEE
[1]
A. Iglesias-Molina et al., “The RML ontology : a community-driven modular redesign after a decade of experience in mapping heterogeneous data to RDF,” in SEMANTIC WEB, ISWC 2023, PT 2, Athens, Greece, 2023, vol. 14266, pp. 152–175.
@inproceedings{01HFP8992F3DJ6X1J4WDH7CENF,
  abstract     = {{The Relational to RDF Mapping Language (R2RML) became a W3C Recommendation a decade ago. Despite its wide adoption, its potential applicability beyond relational databases was swiftly explored. As a result, several extensions and new mapping languages were proposed to tackle the limitations that surfaced as R2RML was applied in real-world use cases. Over the years, one of these languages, the RDF Mapping Language (RML), has gathered a large community of contributors, users, and compliant tools. So far, there has been no well-defined set of features for the mapping language, nor was there a consensus-marking ontology. Consequently, it has become challenging for non-experts to fully comprehend and utilize the full range of the language’s capabilities. After three years of work, the W3C Community Group on Knowledge Graph Construction proposes a new specification for RML. This paper presents the new modular RML ontology and the accompanying SHACL shapes that complement the specification. We discuss the motivations and challenges that emerged when extending R2RML, the methodology we followed to design the new ontology while ensuring its backward compatibility with R2RML, and the novel features which increase its expressiveness. The new ontology consolidates the potential of RML, empowers practitioners to define mapping rules for constructing RDF graphs that were previously unattainable, and allows developers to implement systems in adherence with [R2]RML.}},
  author       = {{Iglesias-Molina, Ana and Van Assche, Dylan and Arenas-Guerrero, Julián and De Meester, Ben and Debruyne, Christophe and Jozashoori, Samaneh and Maria, Pano and Michel, Franck and Chaves-Fraga, David and Dimou, Anastasia}},
  booktitle    = {{SEMANTIC WEB, ISWC 2023, PT 2}},
  editor       = {{Payne, Terry R. and Presutti, Valentina and Qi, Guilin and Poveda-Villalón, María and Stoilos, Giorgos and Hollink, Laura and Kaoudi, Zoi and Cheng, Gong and Li, Juanzi}},
  isbn         = {{9783031472428}},
  issn         = {{0302-9743}},
  keywords     = {{Declarative Language,R2RML,RML,Knowledge Graph}},
  language     = {{eng}},
  location     = {{Athens, Greece}},
  pages        = {{152--175}},
  publisher    = {{Springer}},
  title        = {{The RML ontology : a community-driven modular redesign after a decade of experience in mapping heterogeneous data to RDF}},
  url          = {{http://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-47243-5_9}},
  volume       = {{14266}},
  year         = {{2023}},
}
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