@article{01HF947XB03SA7FX48EFMG7RY2,
  abstract     = {{Love is a phenomenon that occurs across the world and affects many aspects of human life, including the choice of, and process of bonding with, a romantic partner. Thus, developing a reliable and valid measure of love experiences is crucial. One of the most popular tools to quantify love is Sternberg's 45-item Triangular Love Scale (TLS-45), which measures three love components: intimacy, passion, and commitment. However, our literature review reveals that most studies (64%) use a broad variety of shortened versions of the TLS-45. Here, aiming to achieve scientific consensus and improve the reliability, comparability, and generalizability of results across studies, we developed a short version of the scale-the TLS-15-comprised of 15 items with 5-point, rather than 9-point, response scales. In Study 1 (N = 7,332), we re-analyzed secondary data from a large-scale multinational study that validated the original TLS-45 to establish whether the scale could be truncated. In Study 2 (N = 307), we provided evidence for the three-factor structure of the TLS-15 and its reliability. Study 3 (N = 413) confirmed convergent validity and test-retest stability of the TLS-15. Study 4 (N = 60,311) presented a large-scale validation across 37 linguistic versions of the TLS-15 on a cross-cultural sample spanning every continent of the globe. The overall results provide support for the reliability, validity, and cross-cultural invariance of the TLS-15, which can be used as a measure of love components-either separately or jointly as a three-factor measure.}},
  author       = {{Kowal, Marta and  Sorokowski, Piotr and  Dinic, Bojana M. and  Pisanski, Katarzyna and  Gjoneska, Biljana and  Frederick, David A. and  Pfuhl, Gerit and  Milfont, Taciano L. and  Bode, Adam and  Aguilar, Leonardo and  Garcia, Felipe E. and  Roberts, S. Craig and  Abad-Villaverde, Beatriz and  Kavcic, Tina and  Miroshnik, Kirill G. and  Ndukaihe, Izuchukwu L. G. and  Safarova, Katarina and  Valentova, Jaroslava V. and  Aavik, Toivo and  Blackburn, Angelique M. and  Cetinkaya, Hakan and  Duyar, Izzet and  Guemaz, Farida and  Ishii, Tatsunori and  Kacmar, Pavol and  Natividade, Jean C. and  Nussinson, Ravit and  Omar-Fauzee, Mohd Sofian B. and  Pacquing, Ma. Criselda T. and Ponnet, Koen and  Wang, Austin H. and  Yoo, Gyesook and  Amin, Rizwana and  Pirtskhalava, Ekaterine and  Afhami, Reza and  Arvanitis, Alexios and  Duyar, Derya Atamturk and  Besson, Theo and  Boussena, Mahmoud and  Can, Seda and  Can, Ali R. and  Carneiro, Joao and  Castro, Rita and  Chubinidze, Dimitri and  Cunichina, Ksenija and  Don, Yahya and  Dural, Seda and  Etchezahar, Edgardo and  Fekih-Romdhane, Feten and  Frackowiak, Tomasz and  Moharrampour, Nasim Ghahraman and  Yepes, Talia Gomez and  Grassini, Simone and  Jovic, Marija and  Kertechian, Kevin S. and  Khan, Farah and  Kobylarek, Aleksander and  Krizanic, Valerija and  Lins, Samuel and  Mandzyk, Tetyana and  Manunta, Efisio and  Martinac Dorcic, Tamara and  Muthu, Kavitha N. and  Najmussaqib, Arooj and  Otterbring, Tobias and  Park, Ju Hee and  Pavela Banai, Irena and  Perun, Mariia and  Reyes, Marc Eric S. and  Roer, Jan P. and  Sahin, Aysegul and  Sahli, Fatima Zahra and  Sakan, Dusana and  Singh, Sangeeta and  Smojver-Azic, Sanja and  Soylemez, Sinem and  Spasovski, Ognen and  Studzinska, Anna and  Toplu-Demirtas, Ezgi and  Urbanek, Arkadiusz and  Volkodav, Tatiana and  Wlodarczyk, Anna and  Yaakob, Mohd Faiz Mohd Y. and  Yusof, Mat Rahimi and  Zumarraga-Espinosa, Marcos and  Zupancic, Maja and  Sternberg, Robert J.}},
  issn         = {{0004-0002}},
  journal      = {{ARCHIVES OF SEXUAL BEHAVIOR}},
  keywords     = {{Triangular theory of love,Triangular Love Scale,Cross-cultural,OF-FIT INDEXES,MARITAL SATISFACTION,ROMANTIC RELATIONSHIPS,LIKING,RESPONSES,SAMPLE-SIZE,COVARIANCE,CRITERIA,EROTICA,MENS}},
  language     = {{eng}},
  number       = {{2}},
  pages        = {{839--857}},
  title        = {{Validation of the short version (TLS-15) of the triangular love scale (TLS-45) across 37 languages}},
  url          = {{http://doi.org/10.1007/s10508-023-02702-7}},
  volume       = {{53}},
  year         = {{2024}},
}

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