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Expression divergence of expansin genes drive the heteroblasty in Ceratopteris chingii

Yue Zhang, Yves Van de Peer (UGent) , Bei Lu, Sisi Zhang, Jingru Che, Jinming Chen, Kathleen Marchal (UGent) and Xingyu Yang
(2023) BMC BIOLOGY. 21(1).
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Abstract
Background: Sterile-fertile heteroblasty is a common phenomenon observed in ferns, where the leaf shape of a fern sporophyll, responsible for sporangium production, differs from that of a regular trophophyll. However, due to the large size and complexity of most fern genomes, the molecular mechanisms that regulate the formation of these functionally different heteroblasty have remained elusive. To shed light on these mechanisms, we generated a full-length transcriptome of Ceratopteris chingii with PacBio Iso-Seq from five tissue samples. By integrating Illumina-based sequencing short reads, we identified the genes exhibiting the most significant differential expression between sporophylls and trophophylls. Results: The long reads were assembled, resulting in a total of 24,024 gene models. The differential expressed genes between heteroblasty primarily involved reproduction and cell wall composition, with a particular focus on expansin genes. Reconstructing the phylogeny of expansin genes across 19 plant species, ranging from green algae to seed plants, we identified four ortholog groups for expansins. The observed high expression of expansin genes in the young sporophylls of C. chingii emphasizes their role in the development of heteroblastic leaves. Through gene coexpression analysis, we identified highly divergent expressions of expansin genes both within and between species. Conclusions: The specific regulatory interactions and accompanying expression patterns of expansin genes are associated with variations in leaf shapes between sporophylls and trophophylls.
Keywords
Cell Biology, Developmental Biology, Plant Science, General Agricultural and Biological Sciences, General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology, Physiology, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, Structural Biology, Biotechnology, Expansin, Ferns, Ceratopteris chingii, Phylogeny, Coexpression network, Heteroblasty, PHYSCOMITRELLA-PATENS, PLANT-GROWTH, EVOLUTION, GENOME, INSIGHTS, REVEALS, ROLES

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MLA
Zhang, Yue, et al. “Expression Divergence of Expansin Genes Drive the Heteroblasty in Ceratopteris Chingii.” BMC BIOLOGY, vol. 21, no. 1, 2023, doi:10.1186/s12915-023-01743-7.
APA
Zhang, Y., Van de Peer, Y., Lu, B., Zhang, S., Che, J., Chen, J., … Yang, X. (2023). Expression divergence of expansin genes drive the heteroblasty in Ceratopteris chingii. BMC BIOLOGY, 21(1). https://doi.org/10.1186/s12915-023-01743-7
Chicago author-date
Zhang, Yue, Yves Van de Peer, Bei Lu, Sisi Zhang, Jingru Che, Jinming Chen, Kathleen Marchal, and Xingyu Yang. 2023. “Expression Divergence of Expansin Genes Drive the Heteroblasty in Ceratopteris Chingii.” BMC BIOLOGY 21 (1). https://doi.org/10.1186/s12915-023-01743-7.
Chicago author-date (all authors)
Zhang, Yue, Yves Van de Peer, Bei Lu, Sisi Zhang, Jingru Che, Jinming Chen, Kathleen Marchal, and Xingyu Yang. 2023. “Expression Divergence of Expansin Genes Drive the Heteroblasty in Ceratopteris Chingii.” BMC BIOLOGY 21 (1). doi:10.1186/s12915-023-01743-7.
Vancouver
1.
Zhang Y, Van de Peer Y, Lu B, Zhang S, Che J, Chen J, et al. Expression divergence of expansin genes drive the heteroblasty in Ceratopteris chingii. BMC BIOLOGY. 2023;21(1).
IEEE
[1]
Y. Zhang et al., “Expression divergence of expansin genes drive the heteroblasty in Ceratopteris chingii,” BMC BIOLOGY, vol. 21, no. 1, 2023.
@article{01HEJ7677JG0Z2DK7QBYPRNH2H,
  abstract     = {{Background: Sterile-fertile heteroblasty is a common phenomenon observed in ferns, where the leaf shape of a fern sporophyll, responsible for sporangium production, differs from that of a regular trophophyll. However, due to the large size and complexity of most fern genomes, the molecular mechanisms that regulate the formation of these functionally different heteroblasty have remained elusive. To shed light on these mechanisms, we generated a full-length transcriptome of Ceratopteris chingii with PacBio Iso-Seq from five tissue samples. By integrating Illumina-based sequencing short reads, we identified the genes exhibiting the most significant differential expression between sporophylls and trophophylls.

Results: The long reads were assembled, resulting in a total of 24,024 gene models. The differential expressed genes between heteroblasty primarily involved reproduction and cell wall composition, with a particular focus on expansin genes. Reconstructing the phylogeny of expansin genes across 19 plant species, ranging from green algae to seed plants, we identified four ortholog groups for expansins. The observed high expression of expansin genes in the young sporophylls of C. chingii emphasizes their role in the development of heteroblastic leaves. Through gene coexpression analysis, we identified highly divergent expressions of expansin genes both within and between species.

Conclusions: The specific regulatory interactions and accompanying expression patterns of expansin genes are associated with variations in leaf shapes between sporophylls and trophophylls.}},
  articleno    = {{244}},
  author       = {{Zhang, Yue and Van de Peer, Yves and Lu, Bei and Zhang, Sisi and Che, Jingru and Chen, Jinming and Marchal, Kathleen and Yang, Xingyu}},
  issn         = {{1741-7007}},
  journal      = {{BMC BIOLOGY}},
  keywords     = {{Cell Biology,Developmental Biology,Plant Science,General Agricultural and Biological Sciences,General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology,Physiology,Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics,Structural Biology,Biotechnology,Expansin,Ferns,Ceratopteris chingii,Phylogeny,Coexpression network,Heteroblasty,PHYSCOMITRELLA-PATENS,PLANT-GROWTH,EVOLUTION,GENOME,INSIGHTS,REVEALS,ROLES}},
  language     = {{eng}},
  number       = {{1}},
  pages        = {{16}},
  title        = {{Expression divergence of expansin genes drive the heteroblasty in Ceratopteris chingii}},
  url          = {{http://doi.org/10.1186/s12915-023-01743-7}},
  volume       = {{21}},
  year         = {{2023}},
}
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