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Thinking outside the glenohumeral box : hierarchical shape variation of the periarticular anatomy of the scapula using statistical shape modeling

Matthijs Jacxsens (UGent) , Shireen Y. Elhabian, Sarah E. Brady, Peter N. Chalmers, Andreas M. Mueller, Robert Z. Tashjian and Heath B. Henninger
(2020) JOURNAL OF ORTHOPAEDIC RESEARCH. 38(10). p.2272-2279
Author
Organization
Abstract
Variation in the shape of the glenoid and periarticular anatomy of the scapula has been associated with shoulder pathology. The goal of this study was to identify the modes of shape variation of periarticular scapular anatomy in relation to the glenoid in nonpathologic shoulders. Computed tomography scans of 31 cadaveric scapulae, verified to be free of pathology, were three-dimensionally reconstructed. Statistical shape modeling and principal component analysis identified the modes of shape variation across the population. Corresponding linear and angular measurements quantified the morphometric variance identified by the modes. Linear measures were normalized to the radius of the inferior glenoid to account for differences in the scaling of the bones. Five modes captured 89.7% of total shape variation of the glenoid and periarticular anatomy. Apart from size differences (mode 1: 33.0%), acromial anatomy accounted for the largest variation (mode 2: 32.0%). Further modes described variation in glenoid inclination (mode 3: 11.8%), coracoid orientation and size (mode 4: 9.0%), and variation in coracoacromial (CA) morphology (mode 5: 3.1%). The average scapula had a mean acromial tilt of 49 +/- 7 degrees, scapular spine angle of 61 +/- 6 degrees, the glenoid inclination of 84 +/- 4 degrees, coracoid deviation angle of 26 +/- 4 degrees, coracoid length of 3.7 +/- 0.3 glenoid radii, and a CA base length of 5.6 +/- 0.5 radii. In this study, the identified shape modes explain almost all of the variance in scapular anatomy. The acromion exhibited the highest variance of all periarticular anatomic structures of the scapula in relation to the glenoid, which may play a role in many shoulder pathologies.
Keywords
Orthopedics and Sports Medicine, statistical shape modeling, shoulder, scapular anatomy, glenoid, bone morphology

Citation

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MLA
Jacxsens, Matthijs, et al. “Thinking Outside the Glenohumeral Box : Hierarchical Shape Variation of the Periarticular Anatomy of the Scapula Using Statistical Shape Modeling.” JOURNAL OF ORTHOPAEDIC RESEARCH, vol. 38, no. 10, Wiley, 2020, pp. 2272–79, doi:10.1002/jor.24589.
APA
Jacxsens, M., Elhabian, S. Y., Brady, S. E., Chalmers, P. N., Mueller, A. M., Tashjian, R. Z., & Henninger, H. B. (2020). Thinking outside the glenohumeral box : hierarchical shape variation of the periarticular anatomy of the scapula using statistical shape modeling. JOURNAL OF ORTHOPAEDIC RESEARCH, 38(10), 2272–2279. https://doi.org/10.1002/jor.24589
Chicago author-date
Jacxsens, Matthijs, Shireen Y. Elhabian, Sarah E. Brady, Peter N. Chalmers, Andreas M. Mueller, Robert Z. Tashjian, and Heath B. Henninger. 2020. “Thinking Outside the Glenohumeral Box : Hierarchical Shape Variation of the Periarticular Anatomy of the Scapula Using Statistical Shape Modeling.” JOURNAL OF ORTHOPAEDIC RESEARCH 38 (10): 2272–79. https://doi.org/10.1002/jor.24589.
Chicago author-date (all authors)
Jacxsens, Matthijs, Shireen Y. Elhabian, Sarah E. Brady, Peter N. Chalmers, Andreas M. Mueller, Robert Z. Tashjian, and Heath B. Henninger. 2020. “Thinking Outside the Glenohumeral Box : Hierarchical Shape Variation of the Periarticular Anatomy of the Scapula Using Statistical Shape Modeling.” JOURNAL OF ORTHOPAEDIC RESEARCH 38 (10): 2272–2279. doi:10.1002/jor.24589.
Vancouver
1.
Jacxsens M, Elhabian SY, Brady SE, Chalmers PN, Mueller AM, Tashjian RZ, et al. Thinking outside the glenohumeral box : hierarchical shape variation of the periarticular anatomy of the scapula using statistical shape modeling. JOURNAL OF ORTHOPAEDIC RESEARCH. 2020;38(10):2272–9.
IEEE
[1]
M. Jacxsens et al., “Thinking outside the glenohumeral box : hierarchical shape variation of the periarticular anatomy of the scapula using statistical shape modeling,” JOURNAL OF ORTHOPAEDIC RESEARCH, vol. 38, no. 10, pp. 2272–2279, 2020.
@article{01HAJE8WBW2HWN921S2E3AW3XD,
  abstract     = {{Variation in the shape of the glenoid and periarticular anatomy of the scapula has been associated with shoulder pathology. The goal of this study was to identify the modes of shape variation of periarticular scapular anatomy in relation to the glenoid in nonpathologic shoulders. Computed tomography scans of 31 cadaveric scapulae, verified to be free of pathology, were three-dimensionally reconstructed. Statistical shape modeling and principal component analysis identified the modes of shape variation across the population. Corresponding linear and angular measurements quantified the morphometric variance identified by the modes. Linear measures were normalized to the radius of the inferior glenoid to account for differences in the scaling of the bones. Five modes captured 89.7% of total shape variation of the glenoid and periarticular anatomy. Apart from size differences (mode 1: 33.0%), acromial anatomy accounted for the largest variation (mode 2: 32.0%). Further modes described variation in glenoid inclination (mode 3: 11.8%), coracoid orientation and size (mode 4: 9.0%), and variation in coracoacromial (CA) morphology (mode 5: 3.1%). The average scapula had a mean acromial tilt of 49 +/- 7 degrees, scapular spine angle of 61 +/- 6 degrees, the glenoid inclination of 84 +/- 4 degrees, coracoid deviation angle of 26 +/- 4 degrees, coracoid length of 3.7 +/- 0.3 glenoid radii, and a CA base length of 5.6 +/- 0.5 radii. In this study, the identified shape modes explain almost all of the variance in scapular anatomy. The acromion exhibited the highest variance of all periarticular anatomic structures of the scapula in relation to the glenoid, which may play a role in many shoulder pathologies.}},
  author       = {{Jacxsens, Matthijs and Elhabian, Shireen Y. and Brady, Sarah E. and Chalmers, Peter N. and Mueller, Andreas M. and Tashjian, Robert Z. and Henninger, Heath B.}},
  issn         = {{0736-0266}},
  journal      = {{JOURNAL OF ORTHOPAEDIC RESEARCH}},
  keywords     = {{Orthopedics and Sports Medicine,statistical shape modeling,shoulder,scapular anatomy,glenoid,bone morphology}},
  language     = {{eng}},
  number       = {{10}},
  pages        = {{2272--2279}},
  publisher    = {{Wiley}},
  title        = {{Thinking outside the glenohumeral box : hierarchical shape variation of the periarticular anatomy of the scapula using statistical shape modeling}},
  url          = {{http://doi.org/10.1002/jor.24589}},
  volume       = {{38}},
  year         = {{2020}},
}
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