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Critical power, W′ and W′ reconstitution in women and men

Gil Bourgois (UGent) , Patrick Mucci, Jan Boone (UGent) , Alessandro Colosio (UGent) , Jan Bourgois (UGent) , Silvia Pogliaghi (UGent) and Kevin Caen (UGent)
(2023) EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSIOLOGY. 123(12). p.2791-2801
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Abstract
Purpose The aim of this study was to compare critical power (CP) and work capacity W', and W' reconstitution (W'REC) following repeated maximal exercise between women and men. Methods Twelve women (V(over dot) O-2PEAK: 2.53 +/- 0.37 L.min(-1)) and 12 men (V(over dot) O-2PEAK: 4.26 +/- 0.30 L.min(-1)) performed a minimum of 3 constant workload tests, to determine CP and W', and 1 maximal exercise repetition test with three work bouts (WB) to failure, to quantify W' (REC) during 2 recovery periods, i.e., W' (REC1) and W'(REC2). An independent samples t test was used to compare CP and W' values between women and men, and a repeated-measures ANOVA was used to compare W' REC as fraction of W' expended during the first WB, absolute W'REC, and normalized to lean body mass (LBM). Results CP normalized to LBM was not different between women and men, respectively, 3.7 +/- 0.5 vs. 4.1 +/- 0.4 W.kg(LBM)(-1), while W' normalized to LBM was lower in women 256 +/- 29 vs. 305 +/- 45 J.kg(LBM)(-1). Fractional W' REC1 was higher in women than in men, respectively, 74.0 +/- 12.0% vs. 56.8 +/- 9.5%. Women reconstituted less W' than men in absolute terms ( 8.7 +/- 1.2 vs. 10.9 +/- 2.0 kJ) during W'REC1, while normalized to LBM no difference was observed between women and men (174 +/- 23 vs. 167 +/- 31 J.kg(LBM)(-1)). W' REC2 was lower than W'REC1 both in women and men. Conclusion Sex differences in W' REC (absolute women < men; fractional women > men) are eliminated when LBM is accounted for. Prediction models of W' REC might benefit from including LBM as a biological variable in the equation. This study confirms the occurrence of a slowing of W' REC during repeated maximal exercise.
Keywords
Physiology (medical), Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health, Orthopedics and Sports Medicine, General Medicine, Physiology, Sex, Recovery, High intensity, Maximal exercise, Body composition, RELATIVE BODY-FAT, EXERCISE TOLERANCE, ANTHROPOMETRIC PREDICTION, DURATION RELATIONSHIP, INTENSITY EXERCISE, PERFORMANCE, THRESHOLD, DENSITY, FEMALE, THIGH

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MLA
Bourgois, Gil, et al. “Critical Power, W′ and W′ Reconstitution in Women and Men.” EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSIOLOGY, vol. 123, no. 12, 2023, pp. 2791–801, doi:10.1007/s00421-023-05268-3.
APA
Bourgois, G., Mucci, P., Boone, J., Colosio, A., Bourgois, J., Pogliaghi, S., & Caen, K. (2023). Critical power, W′ and W′ reconstitution in women and men. EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSIOLOGY, 123(12), 2791–2801. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00421-023-05268-3
Chicago author-date
Bourgois, Gil, Patrick Mucci, Jan Boone, Alessandro Colosio, Jan Bourgois, Silvia Pogliaghi, and Kevin Caen. 2023. “Critical Power, W′ and W′ Reconstitution in Women and Men.” EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSIOLOGY 123 (12): 2791–2801. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00421-023-05268-3.
Chicago author-date (all authors)
Bourgois, Gil, Patrick Mucci, Jan Boone, Alessandro Colosio, Jan Bourgois, Silvia Pogliaghi, and Kevin Caen. 2023. “Critical Power, W′ and W′ Reconstitution in Women and Men.” EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSIOLOGY 123 (12): 2791–2801. doi:10.1007/s00421-023-05268-3.
Vancouver
1.
Bourgois G, Mucci P, Boone J, Colosio A, Bourgois J, Pogliaghi S, et al. Critical power, W′ and W′ reconstitution in women and men. EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSIOLOGY. 2023;123(12):2791–801.
IEEE
[1]
G. Bourgois et al., “Critical power, W′ and W′ reconstitution in women and men,” EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSIOLOGY, vol. 123, no. 12, pp. 2791–2801, 2023.
@article{01H6ZQB6FDG3KHPBXECZ3FV61S,
  abstract     = {{Purpose The aim of this study was to compare critical power (CP) and work capacity W', and W' reconstitution (W'REC) following repeated maximal exercise between women and men.

Methods Twelve women (V(over dot) O-2PEAK: 2.53 +/- 0.37 L.min(-1)) and 12 men (V(over dot) O-2PEAK: 4.26 +/- 0.30 L.min(-1)) performed a minimum of 3 constant workload tests, to determine CP and W', and 1 maximal exercise repetition test with three work bouts (WB) to failure, to quantify W' (REC) during 2 recovery periods, i.e., W' (REC1) and W'(REC2). An independent samples t test was used to compare CP and W' values between women and men, and a repeated-measures ANOVA was used to compare W' REC as fraction of W' expended during the first WB, absolute W'REC, and normalized to lean body mass (LBM).

Results CP normalized to LBM was not different between women and men, respectively, 3.7 +/- 0.5 vs. 4.1 +/- 0.4 W.kg(LBM)(-1), while W' normalized to LBM was lower in women 256 +/- 29 vs. 305 +/- 45 J.kg(LBM)(-1). Fractional W' REC1 was higher in women than in men, respectively, 74.0 +/- 12.0% vs. 56.8 +/- 9.5%. Women reconstituted less W' than men in absolute terms ( 8.7 +/- 1.2 vs. 10.9 +/- 2.0 kJ) during W'REC1, while normalized to LBM no difference was observed between women and men (174 +/- 23 vs. 167 +/- 31 J.kg(LBM)(-1)). W' REC2 was lower than W'REC1 both in women and men.

Conclusion Sex differences in W' REC (absolute women < men; fractional women > men) are eliminated when LBM is accounted for. Prediction models of W' REC might benefit from including LBM as a biological variable in the equation. This study confirms the occurrence of a slowing of W' REC during repeated maximal exercise.}},
  author       = {{Bourgois, Gil and Mucci, Patrick and Boone, Jan and Colosio, Alessandro and Bourgois, Jan and Pogliaghi, Silvia and Caen, Kevin}},
  issn         = {{1439-6319}},
  journal      = {{EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSIOLOGY}},
  keywords     = {{Physiology (medical),Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health,Orthopedics and Sports Medicine,General Medicine,Physiology,Sex,Recovery,High intensity,Maximal exercise,Body composition,RELATIVE BODY-FAT,EXERCISE TOLERANCE,ANTHROPOMETRIC PREDICTION,DURATION RELATIONSHIP,INTENSITY EXERCISE,PERFORMANCE,THRESHOLD,DENSITY,FEMALE,THIGH}},
  language     = {{eng}},
  number       = {{12}},
  pages        = {{2791--2801}},
  title        = {{Critical power, W′ and W′ reconstitution in women and men}},
  url          = {{http://doi.org/10.1007/s00421-023-05268-3}},
  volume       = {{123}},
  year         = {{2023}},
}
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