Approach-bias retraining and other training interventions as add-on in the treatment of AUD patients
- Author
- Reinout W. Wiers, Ting Pan, Pieter Van Dessel (UGent) , Mike Rinck and Johannes Lindenmeyer
- Organization
- Project
- Abstract
- In the past two decades, a variety of cognitive training interventions have been developed to help people overcome their addictive behaviors. Conceptually, it is important to distinguish between programs in which reactions to addiction-relevant cues are trained (varieties of cognitive bias modification, CBM) and programs in which general abilities are trained such as working memory or mindfulness. CBM was first developed to study the hypothesized causal role in mental disorders: by directly manipulating the bias, it was investigated to what extent this influenced disorder-relevant behavior. In these proof-of-principle studies, the bias was temporarily modified in volunteers, either temporarily increased or decreased, with corresponding effects on behavior (e.g., beer consumption), in case the bias was successfully manipulated. In subsequent clinical randomized controlled trials (RCTs), training (away from the substance vs. sham training) was added to clinical treatment. These studies have demonstrated that CBM, as added to treatment, reduces relapse with a small effect of about 10% (similar effect size as for medication, with the strongest evidence for approach-bias modification). This has not been found for general ability training (e.g., working memory training), although effects on other psychological functions have been found (e.g., impulsivity). Mindfulness also has been found to help people overcome addictions, and different from CBM, also as stand-alone intervention. Research on (neuro-)cognitive mechanisms underlying approach-bias modification has pointed to a new perspective in which automatic inferences rather than associations are influenced by training, which has led to the development of a new variety of training: ABC training.
- Keywords
- Addiction, Alcohol use disorder, Approach bias, Approach bias retraining, Cognitive training, Cognitive-bias modification, Mindfulness, Treatment, Working memory training
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Citation
Please use this url to cite or link to this publication: http://hdl.handle.net/1854/LU-01H6B7C4YGN8EH71W6B8RP88VE
- MLA
- Wiers, Reinout W., et al. “Approach-Bias Retraining and Other Training Interventions as Add-on in the Treatment of AUD Patients.” Current Topics in Behavioral Neurosciences, Springer, 2023, pp. 1–47, doi:10.1007/7854_2023_421.
- APA
- Wiers, R. W., Pan, T., Van Dessel, P., Rinck, M., & Lindenmeyer, J. (2023). Approach-bias retraining and other training interventions as add-on in the treatment of AUD patients. In Current topics in behavioral neurosciences (pp. 1–47). https://doi.org/10.1007/7854_2023_421
- Chicago author-date
- Wiers, Reinout W., Ting Pan, Pieter Van Dessel, Mike Rinck, and Johannes Lindenmeyer. 2023. “Approach-Bias Retraining and Other Training Interventions as Add-on in the Treatment of AUD Patients.” In Current Topics in Behavioral Neurosciences, 1–47. Berlin: Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/7854_2023_421.
- Chicago author-date (all authors)
- Wiers, Reinout W., Ting Pan, Pieter Van Dessel, Mike Rinck, and Johannes Lindenmeyer. 2023. “Approach-Bias Retraining and Other Training Interventions as Add-on in the Treatment of AUD Patients.” In Current Topics in Behavioral Neurosciences, 1–47. Berlin: Springer. doi:10.1007/7854_2023_421.
- Vancouver
- 1.Wiers RW, Pan T, Van Dessel P, Rinck M, Lindenmeyer J. Approach-bias retraining and other training interventions as add-on in the treatment of AUD patients. In: Current topics in behavioral neurosciences. Berlin: Springer; 2023. p. 1–47.
- IEEE
- [1]R. W. Wiers, T. Pan, P. Van Dessel, M. Rinck, and J. Lindenmeyer, “Approach-bias retraining and other training interventions as add-on in the treatment of AUD patients,” in Current topics in behavioral neurosciences, Berlin: Springer, 2023, pp. 1–47.
@incollection{01H6B7C4YGN8EH71W6B8RP88VE,
abstract = {{In the past two decades, a variety of cognitive training interventions have been developed to help people overcome their addictive behaviors. Conceptually, it is important to distinguish between programs in which reactions to addiction-relevant cues are trained (varieties of cognitive bias modification, CBM) and programs in which general abilities are trained such as working memory or mindfulness. CBM was first developed to study the hypothesized causal role in mental disorders: by directly manipulating the bias, it was investigated to what extent this influenced disorder-relevant behavior. In these proof-of-principle studies, the bias was temporarily modified in volunteers, either temporarily increased or decreased, with corresponding effects on behavior (e.g., beer consumption), in case the bias was successfully manipulated. In subsequent clinical randomized controlled trials (RCTs), training (away from the substance vs. sham training) was added to clinical treatment. These studies have demonstrated that CBM, as added to treatment, reduces relapse with a small effect of about 10% (similar effect size as for medication, with the strongest evidence for approach-bias modification). This has not been found for general ability training (e.g., working memory training), although effects on other psychological functions have been found (e.g., impulsivity). Mindfulness also has been found to help people overcome addictions, and different from CBM, also as stand-alone intervention. Research on (neuro-)cognitive mechanisms underlying approach-bias modification has pointed to a new perspective in which automatic inferences rather than associations are influenced by training, which has led to the development of a new variety of training: ABC training.}},
author = {{Wiers, Reinout W. and Pan, Ting and Van Dessel, Pieter and Rinck, Mike and Lindenmeyer, Johannes}},
booktitle = {{Current topics in behavioral neurosciences}},
issn = {{1866-3370}},
keywords = {{Addiction,Alcohol use disorder,Approach bias,Approach bias retraining,Cognitive training,Cognitive-bias modification,Mindfulness,Treatment,Working memory training}},
language = {{eng}},
pages = {{1--47}},
publisher = {{Springer}},
series = {{Current Topics in Behavioral Neurosciences}},
title = {{Approach-bias retraining and other training interventions as add-on in the treatment of AUD patients}},
url = {{http://doi.org/10.1007/7854_2023_421}},
year = {{2023}},
}
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