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Manufacturing humanitarian imagery : explaining Norwegian refugee council’s public communication strategies toward the Syrian and Central African crises

David Ongenaert, Stijn Joye (UGent) and Øyvind Ihlen
(2023) INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF COMMUNICATION. 17. p.3799-3821
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Abstract
As refugee organizations’ communication can influence public perceptions, this study analyzes the underlying motivations and practices. To explain Norwegian Refugee Council’s (NRC) public communication strategies toward the recent Syrian and Central African crises, we conducted a 3-week office ethnography at its main communication department, interviewed 10 communication officers, and analyzed key communication policy documents. First, NRC’s discursive strategies are molded by medium-based and/or context-sensitive routines, organizational goals and trends, and challenging institutional and societal contexts. Second, NRC’s crisis foci are institutionally shaped through the “Vicious Neglected Crisis Circle effect,” which is reinforced and/or limited by organizational and individual (counter) incentives, sensitive contexts, and context-sensitive routines. Third, NRC’s choice of represented forcibly displaced people is influenced by various selection criteria and sociodemographic-specific reasons. Thus, complex organizational, institutional, and societal contexts largely shape public communication strategies, suggesting that reflexivity and structural institutional changes are essential to achieve more balanced, representative humanitarian imageries.
Keywords
expert interviews, forcibly displaced people, hierarchy of influences, model, humanitarian communication, neoinstitutionalism, office, ethnography, public communication, refugee organizations, MEDIA, REPRESENTATIONS, DISCOURSE, ETHICS

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Citation

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MLA
Ongenaert, David, et al. “Manufacturing Humanitarian Imagery : Explaining Norwegian Refugee Council’s Public Communication Strategies toward the Syrian and Central African Crises.” INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF COMMUNICATION, vol. 17, 2023, pp. 3799–821.
APA
Ongenaert, D., Joye, S., & Ihlen, Ø. (2023). Manufacturing humanitarian imagery : explaining Norwegian refugee council’s public communication strategies toward the Syrian and Central African crises. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF COMMUNICATION, 17, 3799–3821.
Chicago author-date
Ongenaert, David, Stijn Joye, and Øyvind Ihlen. 2023. “Manufacturing Humanitarian Imagery : Explaining Norwegian Refugee Council’s Public Communication Strategies toward the Syrian and Central African Crises.” INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF COMMUNICATION 17: 3799–3821.
Chicago author-date (all authors)
Ongenaert, David, Stijn Joye, and Øyvind Ihlen. 2023. “Manufacturing Humanitarian Imagery : Explaining Norwegian Refugee Council’s Public Communication Strategies toward the Syrian and Central African Crises.” INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF COMMUNICATION 17: 3799–3821.
Vancouver
1.
Ongenaert D, Joye S, Ihlen Ø. Manufacturing humanitarian imagery : explaining Norwegian refugee council’s public communication strategies toward the Syrian and Central African crises. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF COMMUNICATION. 2023;17:3799–821.
IEEE
[1]
D. Ongenaert, S. Joye, and Ø. Ihlen, “Manufacturing humanitarian imagery : explaining Norwegian refugee council’s public communication strategies toward the Syrian and Central African crises,” INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF COMMUNICATION, vol. 17, pp. 3799–3821, 2023.
@article{01H2D37WYM9TMJYGTCJ2Q85DRV,
  abstract     = {{As refugee organizations’ communication can influence public perceptions, this study analyzes
the underlying motivations and practices. To explain Norwegian Refugee Council’s (NRC)
public communication strategies toward the recent Syrian and Central African crises, we
conducted a 3-week office ethnography at its main communication department, interviewed
10 communication officers, and analyzed key communication policy documents. First, NRC’s
discursive strategies are molded by medium-based and/or context-sensitive routines,
organizational goals and trends, and challenging institutional and societal contexts. Second,
NRC’s crisis foci are institutionally shaped through the “Vicious Neglected Crisis Circle effect,”
which is reinforced and/or limited by organizational and individual (counter) incentives,
sensitive contexts, and context-sensitive routines. Third, NRC’s choice of represented forcibly
displaced people is influenced by various selection criteria and sociodemographic-specific
reasons. Thus, complex organizational, institutional, and societal contexts largely shape
public communication strategies, suggesting that reflexivity and structural institutional
changes are essential to achieve more balanced, representative humanitarian imageries.}},
  author       = {{Ongenaert, David and Joye, Stijn and Ihlen, Øyvind}},
  issn         = {{1932-8036}},
  journal      = {{INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF COMMUNICATION}},
  keywords     = {{expert interviews,forcibly displaced people,hierarchy of influences,model,humanitarian communication,neoinstitutionalism,office,ethnography,public communication,refugee organizations,MEDIA,REPRESENTATIONS,DISCOURSE,ETHICS}},
  language     = {{eng}},
  pages        = {{3799--3821}},
  title        = {{Manufacturing humanitarian imagery : explaining Norwegian refugee council’s public communication strategies toward the Syrian and Central African crises}},
  url          = {{https://ijoc.org/index.php/ijoc/article/view/20219/4201}},
  volume       = {{17}},
  year         = {{2023}},
}
Web of Science
Times cited: