@article{01GYC5FTGHS9W03X45BPREYC4J,
  abstract     = {{Background: Long-term sequelae of COVID-19 can result in reduced functionality of the central nervous system and substandard quality of life. Gaining insight into the recovery trajectory of admitted COVID-19 patients on their cognitive performance and global structural brain connectivity may allow a better understanding of the diseases' relevance. Objectives: To assess whole-brain structural connectivity in former non-intensive-care unit (ICU)- and ICU-admitted COVID-19 survivors over 2 months following hospital discharge and correlate structural connectivity measures to cognitive performance. Methods: Participants underwent Magnetic Resonance Imaging brain scans and a cognitive test battery after hospital discharge to evaluate structural connectivity and cognitive performance. Multilevel models were constructed for each graph measure and cognitive test, assessing the groups' influence, time since discharge, and interactions. Linear regression models estimated whether the graph measurements affected cognitive measures and whether they differed between ICU and non-ICU patients. Results: Six former ICU and six non-ICU patients completed the study. Across the various graph measures, the characteristic path length decreased over time (beta = 0.97, p = 0.006). We detected no group-level effects (beta = 1.07, p = 0.442) nor interaction effects (beta = 1.02, p = 0.220). Cognitive performance improved for both non-ICU and ICU COVID-19 survivors on four out of seven cognitive tests 2 months later (p < 0.05). Conclusion: Adverse effects of COVID-19 on brain functioning and structure abate over time. These results should be supported by future research including larger sample sizes, matched control groups of healthy non-infected individuals, and more extended follow-up periods.}},
  author       = {{Tassignon, B. and  Radwan, A. and  Blommaert, J. and  Stas, L. and  Allard, S. D. and  De Ridder, F. and  De Waele, E. and  Bulnes, L. C. and  Hoornaert, N. and  Lacor, P. and  Lathouwers, E. and  Mertens, R. and  Naeyaert, M. and  Raeymaekers, H. and  Seyler, L. and  Van Binst, A. M. and  Van Imschoot, L. and  Van Liedekerke, L. and  Van Schependom, J. and  Van Schuerbeek, P. and Vandekerckhove, Marie and  Meeusen, R. and  Sunaert, S. and  Nagels, G. and  De Mey, J. and  De Pauw, K.}},
  issn         = {{0014-4819}},
  journal      = {{EXPERIMENTAL BRAIN RESEARCH}},
  keywords     = {{Magnetic resonance imaging,Recovery,SARS-CoV-2,DIFFUSION MRI,RISK-TAKING,FMRI,SEGMENTATION,SIMILARITY,NETWORK}},
  language     = {{eng}},
  number       = {{3}},
  pages        = {{727--741}},
  title        = {{Longitudinal changes in global structural brain connectivity and cognitive performance in former hospitalized COVID-19 survivors : an exploratory study}},
  url          = {{http://doi.org/10.1007/s00221-023-06545-5}},
  volume       = {{241}},
  year         = {{2023}},
}

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