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Safety of Lemna minor and Lemna gibba whole plant material as a novel food pursuant to Regulation (EU) 2015/2283

Dominique Turck, Torsten Bohn, Jacqueline Castenmiller, Stefaan De Henauw (UGent) , Karen Ildico Hirsch-Ernst, Alexandre Maciuk, Inge Mangelsdorf, Harry J. J. McArdle, Androniki Naska, Carmen Pelaez, et al.
(2022) EFSA JOURNAL. 20(11).
Author
Organization
Abstract
Following a request from the European Commission, the EFSA Panel on Nutrition, Novel Foods and Food Allergens (NDA) was asked to deliver an opinion on Lemna minor and Lemna gibba whole plant material as a novel food (NF) pursuant to Regulation (EU) 2015/2283. Lemna minor and Lemna gibba are aquatic plants commonly named water lentils. The NF is produced by cultivation of Lemna minor and Lemna gibba plants, washing with water and heat treatment. The main constituents of the NF are water, protein and fibre. The Panel notes that the concentration of trace elements and contaminants in the NF is highly dependent on the conditions of cultivation of the plant and the fertiliser composition. The NF is intended to be used as a vegetable, similar to other leafy vegetables. The target population is the general population. The Panel considers that, with the exception of concerns related to the manganese intake, taking into account the composition of the NF and the proposed conditions of use, the consumption of the NF is not nutritionally disadvantageous. The Panel considers that the risk that the consumption of the NF may trigger allergic reactions in humans is low. The Panel concludes that the NF, in consideration of its proposed uses and the concentration of manganese as compared to the normally present concentration of manganese in other leafy vegetables, may be of safety concern, therefore, the safety of the NF cannot currently be established.
Keywords
WOLFFIA-ARRHIZA, DUCKWEED, ELEMENTS, novel food, Lemna minor, Lemna gibba, water lentils, plant

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MLA
Turck, Dominique, et al. “Safety of Lemna Minor and Lemna Gibba Whole Plant Material as a Novel Food Pursuant to Regulation (EU) 2015/2283.” EFSA JOURNAL, vol. 20, no. 11, Wiley, 2022, doi:10.2903/j.efsa.2022.7598.
APA
Turck, D., Bohn, T., Castenmiller, J., De Henauw, S., Hirsch-Ernst, K. I., Maciuk, A., … Nutr Novel Foods Food, E. P. (2022). Safety of Lemna minor and Lemna gibba whole plant material as a novel food pursuant to Regulation (EU) 2015/2283. EFSA JOURNAL, 20(11). https://doi.org/10.2903/j.efsa.2022.7598
Chicago author-date
Turck, Dominique, Torsten Bohn, Jacqueline Castenmiller, Stefaan De Henauw, Karen Ildico Hirsch-Ernst, Alexandre Maciuk, Inge Mangelsdorf, et al. 2022. “Safety of Lemna Minor and Lemna Gibba Whole Plant Material as a Novel Food Pursuant to Regulation (EU) 2015/2283.” EFSA JOURNAL 20 (11). https://doi.org/10.2903/j.efsa.2022.7598.
Chicago author-date (all authors)
Turck, Dominique, Torsten Bohn, Jacqueline Castenmiller, Stefaan De Henauw, Karen Ildico Hirsch-Ernst, Alexandre Maciuk, Inge Mangelsdorf, Harry J. J. McArdle, Androniki Naska, Carmen Pelaez, Kristina Pentieva, Alfonso Siani, Frank Thies, Sophia Tsabouri, Marco Vinceti, Francesco Cubadda, Thomas Frenzel, Marina Heinonen, Miguel Prieto Maradona, Rosangela Marchelli, Monika Neuhauser-Berthold, Morten Poulsen, Josef Rudolf Schlatter, Henk van Loveren, Eirini Kouloura, Helle Katrine Knutsen, and EFSA Panel Nutr Novel Foods Food. 2022. “Safety of Lemna Minor and Lemna Gibba Whole Plant Material as a Novel Food Pursuant to Regulation (EU) 2015/2283.” EFSA JOURNAL 20 (11). doi:10.2903/j.efsa.2022.7598.
Vancouver
1.
Turck D, Bohn T, Castenmiller J, De Henauw S, Hirsch-Ernst KI, Maciuk A, et al. Safety of Lemna minor and Lemna gibba whole plant material as a novel food pursuant to Regulation (EU) 2015/2283. EFSA JOURNAL. 2022;20(11).
IEEE
[1]
D. Turck et al., “Safety of Lemna minor and Lemna gibba whole plant material as a novel food pursuant to Regulation (EU) 2015/2283,” EFSA JOURNAL, vol. 20, no. 11, 2022.
@article{01GWHCPEHGTNHYJ2QMAPR79DQQ,
  abstract     = {{Following a request from the European Commission, the EFSA Panel on Nutrition, Novel Foods and Food Allergens (NDA) was asked to deliver an opinion on Lemna minor and Lemna gibba whole plant material as a novel food (NF) pursuant to Regulation (EU) 2015/2283. Lemna minor and Lemna gibba are aquatic plants commonly named water lentils. The NF is produced by cultivation of Lemna minor and Lemna gibba plants, washing with water and heat treatment. The main constituents of the NF are water, protein and fibre. The Panel notes that the concentration of trace elements and contaminants in the NF is highly dependent on the conditions of cultivation of the plant and the fertiliser composition. The NF is intended to be used as a vegetable, similar to other leafy vegetables. The target population is the general population. The Panel considers that, with the exception of concerns related to the manganese intake, taking into account the composition of the NF and the proposed conditions of use, the consumption of the NF is not nutritionally disadvantageous. The Panel considers that the risk that the consumption of the NF may trigger allergic reactions in humans is low. The Panel concludes that the NF, in consideration of its proposed uses and the concentration of manganese as compared to the normally present concentration of manganese in other leafy vegetables, may be of safety concern, therefore, the safety of the NF cannot currently be established.}},
  articleno    = {{e07598}},
  author       = {{Turck, Dominique and  Bohn, Torsten and  Castenmiller, Jacqueline and De Henauw, Stefaan and  Hirsch-Ernst, Karen Ildico and  Maciuk, Alexandre and  Mangelsdorf, Inge and  McArdle, Harry J. J. and  Naska, Androniki and  Pelaez, Carmen and  Pentieva, Kristina and  Siani, Alfonso and  Thies, Frank and  Tsabouri, Sophia and  Vinceti, Marco and  Cubadda, Francesco and  Frenzel, Thomas and  Heinonen, Marina and  Maradona, Miguel Prieto and  Marchelli, Rosangela and  Neuhauser-Berthold, Monika and  Poulsen, Morten and  Schlatter, Josef Rudolf and  van Loveren, Henk and  Kouloura, Eirini and  Knutsen, Helle Katrine and Nutr Novel Foods Food, EFSA Panel}},
  issn         = {{1831-4732}},
  journal      = {{EFSA JOURNAL}},
  keywords     = {{WOLFFIA-ARRHIZA,DUCKWEED,ELEMENTS,novel food,Lemna minor,Lemna gibba,water lentils,plant}},
  language     = {{eng}},
  number       = {{11}},
  pages        = {{20}},
  publisher    = {{Wiley}},
  title        = {{Safety of Lemna minor and Lemna gibba whole plant material as a novel food pursuant to Regulation (EU) 2015/2283}},
  url          = {{http://doi.org/10.2903/j.efsa.2022.7598}},
  volume       = {{20}},
  year         = {{2022}},
}
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