Characteristics and varieties of gases enclathrated in natural gas hydrates retrieved at Lake Baikal
- Author
- Akihiro Hachikubo, Hirotsugu Minami, Hirotoshi Sakagami, Satoshi Yamashita, Alexey Krylov, Gennadiy Kalmychkov, Jeffrey Poort (UGent) , Marc De Batist (UGent) , Andrey Manakov and Oleg Khlystov
- Organization
- Abstract
- Molecular and stable isotope compositions of hydrate-bound gases collected from 59 hydrate-bearing sites between 2005 to 2019 in the southern and central sub-basins of Lake Baikal are reported. The δ2H of the hydrate-bound methane is distributed between −310‰ and −270‰, approximately 120‰ lower than its value in the marine environment, due to the difference in δ2H between the lake water and seawater. Hydrate-bound gases originate from microbial (primary and secondary), thermogenic, and mixed gas sources. Gas hydrates with microbial ethane (δ13C: −60‰, δ2H: between −310‰ and −250‰) were retrieved at approximately one-third of the total sites, and their stable isotope compositions were lower than those of thermogenic ethane (δ13C: −25‰, δ2H: −210‰). The low δ2H of ethane, which has rarely been reported, suggests for the first time that lake water with low hydrogen isotope ratios affects the formation process of microbial ethane as well as methane. Structure II hydrates containing enclathrated methane and ethane were collected from eight sites. In thermogenic gas, hydrocarbons heavier than ethane are biodegraded, resulting in a unique system of mixed methane-ethane gases. The decomposition and recrystallization of the hydrates that enclathrate methane and ethane resulted in the formation of structure II hydrates due to the enrichment of ethane.
- Keywords
- Baikal, gas hydrates, HYDROGEN ISOTOPE SYSTEMATICS, K-2 MUD VOLCANO, GULF-OF-MEXICO, GLOBAL DATASET, METHANE, ETHANE, SEDIMENTS, MARINE, REDUCTION, PROPANE
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Please use this url to cite or link to this publication: http://hdl.handle.net/1854/LU-01GVYZYNZT2EB6C6KS0JQRA12G
- MLA
- Hachikubo, Akihiro, et al. “Characteristics and Varieties of Gases Enclathrated in Natural Gas Hydrates Retrieved at Lake Baikal.” SCIENTIFIC REPORTS, vol. 13, no. 1, 2023, doi:10.1038/s41598-023-31669-7.
- APA
- Hachikubo, A., Minami, H., Sakagami, H., Yamashita, S., Krylov, A., Kalmychkov, G., … Khlystov, O. (2023). Characteristics and varieties of gases enclathrated in natural gas hydrates retrieved at Lake Baikal. SCIENTIFIC REPORTS, 13(1). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-023-31669-7
- Chicago author-date
- Hachikubo, Akihiro, Hirotsugu Minami, Hirotoshi Sakagami, Satoshi Yamashita, Alexey Krylov, Gennadiy Kalmychkov, Jeffrey Poort, Marc De Batist, Andrey Manakov, and Oleg Khlystov. 2023. “Characteristics and Varieties of Gases Enclathrated in Natural Gas Hydrates Retrieved at Lake Baikal.” SCIENTIFIC REPORTS 13 (1). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-023-31669-7.
- Chicago author-date (all authors)
- Hachikubo, Akihiro, Hirotsugu Minami, Hirotoshi Sakagami, Satoshi Yamashita, Alexey Krylov, Gennadiy Kalmychkov, Jeffrey Poort, Marc De Batist, Andrey Manakov, and Oleg Khlystov. 2023. “Characteristics and Varieties of Gases Enclathrated in Natural Gas Hydrates Retrieved at Lake Baikal.” SCIENTIFIC REPORTS 13 (1). doi:10.1038/s41598-023-31669-7.
- Vancouver
- 1.Hachikubo A, Minami H, Sakagami H, Yamashita S, Krylov A, Kalmychkov G, et al. Characteristics and varieties of gases enclathrated in natural gas hydrates retrieved at Lake Baikal. SCIENTIFIC REPORTS. 2023;13(1).
- IEEE
- [1]A. Hachikubo et al., “Characteristics and varieties of gases enclathrated in natural gas hydrates retrieved at Lake Baikal,” SCIENTIFIC REPORTS, vol. 13, no. 1, 2023.
@article{01GVYZYNZT2EB6C6KS0JQRA12G,
abstract = {{Molecular and stable isotope compositions of hydrate-bound gases collected from 59 hydrate-bearing sites between 2005 to 2019 in the southern and central sub-basins of Lake Baikal are reported. The δ2H of the hydrate-bound methane is distributed between −310‰ and −270‰, approximately 120‰ lower than its value in the marine environment, due to the difference in δ2H between the lake water and seawater. Hydrate-bound gases originate from microbial (primary and secondary), thermogenic, and mixed gas sources. Gas hydrates with microbial ethane (δ13C: −60‰, δ2H: between −310‰ and −250‰) were retrieved at approximately one-third of the total sites, and their stable isotope compositions were lower than those of thermogenic ethane (δ13C: −25‰, δ2H: −210‰). The low δ2H of ethane, which has rarely been reported, suggests for the first time that lake water with low hydrogen isotope ratios affects the formation process of microbial ethane as well as methane. Structure II hydrates containing enclathrated methane and ethane were collected from eight sites. In thermogenic gas, hydrocarbons heavier than ethane are biodegraded, resulting in a unique system of mixed methane-ethane gases. The decomposition and recrystallization of the hydrates that enclathrate methane and ethane resulted in the formation of structure II hydrates due to the enrichment of ethane.}},
articleno = {{4440}},
author = {{Hachikubo, Akihiro and Minami, Hirotsugu and Sakagami, Hirotoshi and Yamashita, Satoshi and Krylov, Alexey and Kalmychkov, Gennadiy and Poort, Jeffrey and De Batist, Marc and Manakov, Andrey and Khlystov, Oleg}},
issn = {{2045-2322}},
journal = {{SCIENTIFIC REPORTS}},
keywords = {{Baikal,gas hydrates,HYDROGEN ISOTOPE SYSTEMATICS,K-2 MUD VOLCANO,GULF-OF-MEXICO,GLOBAL DATASET,METHANE,ETHANE,SEDIMENTS,MARINE,REDUCTION,PROPANE}},
language = {{eng}},
number = {{1}},
pages = {{10}},
title = {{Characteristics and varieties of gases enclathrated in natural gas hydrates retrieved at Lake Baikal}},
url = {{http://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-023-31669-7}},
volume = {{13}},
year = {{2023}},
}
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