@article{01GV3K0SZH0MSRFZVBP36JZVMQ,
  abstract     = {{BACKGROUND: Executive functions (EFs) are important partly because they are associated with risk for psycho-pathology and substance use problems. Because EFs have been linked to white matter microstructure, we tested the prediction that fractional anisotropy (FA) and mean diffusivity (MD) in white matter tracts are associated with EFs and dimensions of psychopathology in children younger than the age of widespread psychoactive substance use. METHODS: Parent symptom ratings, EF test scores, and diffusion tensor parameters from 8588 9-to 10-year-olds in the ABCD Study (Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development Study) were used. RESULTS: A latent factor derived from EF test scores was significantly associated with specific conduct problems and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder problems, with dimensions defined in a bifactor model. Furthermore, EFs were associated with FA and MD in 16 of 17 bilateral white matter tracts (range: 13 = .05; SE = .17; through 13 =-.31; SE = .06). Neither FA nor MD was directly associated with psychopathology, but there were significant indirect associations via EFs of both FA (range: 13 = .01; SE = .01; through 13 =-.09; SE = .02) and MD (range: 13 = .01; SE = .01; through 13 = .09; SE = .02) with both specific conduct problems and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder in all tracts except the forceps minor. CONCLUSIONS: EFs in children are inversely associated with diffusion tensor imaging measures in nearly all tracts throughout the brain. Furthermore, variance in diffusion tensor measures that is shared with EFs is indirectly shared with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder and conduct problems.}},
  author       = {{Sun, Delin and Rakesh, Gopalkumar and Clarke-Rubright, Emily K. and Haswell, Courtney C. and Logue, Mark W. and O’Leary, Erin N. and Cotton, Andrew S. and Xie, Hong and Dennis, Emily L. and Jahanshad, Neda and Salminen, Lauren E. and Thomopoulos, Sophia I. and Rashid, Faisal M. and Ching, Christopher R.K. and Koch, Saskia B.J. and Frijling, Jessie L. and Nawijn, Laura and van Zuiden, Mirjam and Zhu, Xi and Suarez-Jimenez, Benjamin and Sierk, Anika and Walter, Henrik and Manthey, Antje and Stevens, Jennifer S. and Fani, Negar and van Rooij, Sanne J.H. and Stein, Murray B. and Bomyea, Jessica and Koerte, Inga and Choi, Kyle and van der Werff, Steven J.A. and Vermeiren, Robert R.J.M. and Herzog, Julia I. and Lebois, Lauren A.M. and Baker, Justin T. and Ressler, Kerry J. and Olson, Elizabeth A. and Straube, Thomas and Korgaonkar, Mayuresh S. and Andrew, Elpiniki and Zhu, Ye and Li, Gen and Ipser, Jonathan and Hudson, Anna and Peverill, Matthew and Sambrook, Kelly and Gordon, Evan and Baugh, Lee A. and Forster, Gina and Simons, Raluca M. and Simons, Jeffrey S. and Magnotta, Vincent A. and Maron-Katz, Adi and du Plessis, Stefan and Disner, Seth G. and Davenport, Nicholas D. and Grupe, Dan and Nitschke, Jack B. and deRoon-Cassini, Terri A. and Fitzgerald, Jacklynn and Krystal, John H. and Levy, Ifat and Olff, Miranda and Veltman, Dick J. and Wang, Li and Neria, Yuval and De Bellis, Michael D. and Jovanovic, Tanja and Daniels, Judith K. and Shenton, Martha E. and van de Wee, Nic J.A. and Schmahl, Christian and Kaufman, Milissa L. and Rosso, Isabelle M. and Sponheim, Scott R. and Hofmann, David Bernd and Bryant, Richard A. and Fercho, Kelene A. and Stein, Dan J. and Müller, Sven and Phan, K. Luan and McLaughlin, Katie A. and Davidson, Richard J. and Larson, Christine and May, Geoffrey and Nelson, Steven M. and Abdallah, Chadi G. and Gomaa, Hassaan and Etkin, Amit and Seedat, Soraya and Harpaz-Rotem, Ilan and Liberzon, Israel and Wang, Xin and Thompson, Paul M. and Morey, Rajendra A.}},
  issn         = {{2451-9022}},
  journal      = {{BIOLOGICAL PSYCHIATRY-COGNITIVE NEUROSCIENCE AND NEUROIMAGING}},
  keywords     = {{Biological Psychiatry,Neurology (clinical),Cognitive Neuroscience,Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and imaging,MAJOR DEPRESSIVE DISORDER,SURFACE-AREA,COVARIANCE NETWORKS,THICKNESS,BRAIN,PTSD,COMORBIDITY,CONNECTIVITY,EVOLUTION,VETERANS}},
  language     = {{eng}},
  number       = {{9}},
  pages        = {{935--948}},
  title        = {{Remodeling of the cortical structural connectome in posttraumatic stress disorder : results From the ENIGMA-PGC Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Consortium}},
  url          = {{http://doi.org/10.1016/j.bpsc.2022.02.008}},
  volume       = {{7}},
  year         = {{2022}},
}

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