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Reassessing the claimed cytokinin-substituting activity of dehydrodiconiferyl alcohol glucoside

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Abstract
Dehydrodiconiferyl alcohol glucoside (DCG) is a phenylpropanoid-derived plant metabolite with reported cytokinin-substituting and cell-division-promoting activity. Despite its claimed activity, DCG did not trigger morphological changes in Arabidopsis seedlings nor did it alter transcriptional shifts in cell division and cytokinin-responsive genes. In reinvestigating the bioactivity of DCG in its original setting, the previously described stimulation of tobacco callus formation could not be confirmed. No evidence was found that DCG is actually taken up by plant cells, which could explain the absence of any observable activity in the performed experiments. The DCG content in plant tissue increased when feeding explants with the DCG aglycone dehydrodiconiferyl alcohol, which is readily taken up and converted to DCG by plant cells. Despite the increased DCG content, no activity for this metabolite could be demonstrated. Our results therefore demand a reevaluation of the often-quoted cytokinin-substituting and cell-division-promoting activity that has previously been attributed to this metabolite.
Keywords
callus, cell division, cytokinin, lignin, phenylpropanoid.

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Citation

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MLA
Witvrouw, Klaas, et al. “Reassessing the Claimed Cytokinin-Substituting Activity of Dehydrodiconiferyl Alcohol Glucoside.” PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA, vol. 120, no. 9, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 2023, doi:10.1073/pnas.2123301120.
APA
Witvrouw, K., Kim, H., Vanholme, R., Goeminne, G., Ralph, J., Boerjan, W., & Vanholme, B. (2023). Reassessing the claimed cytokinin-substituting activity of dehydrodiconiferyl alcohol glucoside. PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA, 120(9). https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2123301120
Chicago author-date
Witvrouw, Klaas, Hoon Kim, Ruben Vanholme, Geert Goeminne, John Ralph, Wout Boerjan, and Bartel Vanholme. 2023. “Reassessing the Claimed Cytokinin-Substituting Activity of Dehydrodiconiferyl Alcohol Glucoside.” PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA 120 (9). https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2123301120.
Chicago author-date (all authors)
Witvrouw, Klaas, Hoon Kim, Ruben Vanholme, Geert Goeminne, John Ralph, Wout Boerjan, and Bartel Vanholme. 2023. “Reassessing the Claimed Cytokinin-Substituting Activity of Dehydrodiconiferyl Alcohol Glucoside.” PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA 120 (9). doi:10.1073/pnas.2123301120.
Vancouver
1.
Witvrouw K, Kim H, Vanholme R, Goeminne G, Ralph J, Boerjan W, et al. Reassessing the claimed cytokinin-substituting activity of dehydrodiconiferyl alcohol glucoside. PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA. 2023;120(9).
IEEE
[1]
K. Witvrouw et al., “Reassessing the claimed cytokinin-substituting activity of dehydrodiconiferyl alcohol glucoside,” PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA, vol. 120, no. 9, 2023.
@article{01GTBHYZ43T5849D5WX2KK2K0T,
  abstract     = {{Dehydrodiconiferyl alcohol glucoside (DCG) is a phenylpropanoid-derived plant metabolite with reported cytokinin-substituting and cell-division-promoting activity. Despite its claimed activity, DCG did not trigger morphological changes in Arabidopsis seedlings nor did it alter transcriptional shifts in cell division and cytokinin-responsive genes. In reinvestigating the bioactivity of DCG in its original setting, the previously described stimulation of tobacco callus formation could not be confirmed. No evidence was found that DCG is actually taken up by plant cells, which could explain the absence of any observable activity in the performed experiments. The DCG content in plant tissue increased when feeding explants with the DCG aglycone dehydrodiconiferyl alcohol, which is readily taken up and converted to DCG by plant cells. Despite the increased DCG content, no activity for this metabolite could be demonstrated. Our results therefore demand a reevaluation of the often-quoted cytokinin-substituting and cell-division-promoting activity that has previously been attributed to this metabolite.}},
  articleno    = {{e2123301120}},
  author       = {{Witvrouw, Klaas and Kim, Hoon and Vanholme, Ruben and Goeminne, Geert and Ralph, John and Boerjan, Wout and Vanholme, Bartel}},
  issn         = {{0027-8424}},
  journal      = {{PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA}},
  keywords     = {{callus,cell division,cytokinin,lignin,phenylpropanoid.}},
  language     = {{eng}},
  number       = {{9}},
  pages        = {{7}},
  publisher    = {{Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences}},
  title        = {{Reassessing the claimed cytokinin-substituting activity of dehydrodiconiferyl alcohol glucoside}},
  url          = {{http://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2123301120}},
  volume       = {{120}},
  year         = {{2023}},
}

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