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Susac syndrome complicating a SARS-CoV-2 infection

Vincent Raymaekers, Simon D'hulst (UGent) , Dorien Herijgers, Johanna Vercammen, Annelies Fabry, Julie Dutoit, Emmanuel D’Heygere, Evelien Vancaester and Patrick Vanderdonckt
(2021) JOURNAL OF NEUROVIROLOGY. 27(6). p.954-959
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Abstract
In 2020 the world was captivated by the COVID-19 pandemic. Current scientific evidence suggests an interaction of SARS-CoV-2 and the human immune system. Multiple cases were reported of patients with COVID-19 presenting with encephalopathy, confusion or agitation, stroke, and other neurologic symptoms. We present a case of a 40-year-old man diagnosed with Susac syndrome after COVID-19, presenting with acute sensorineural hearing loss, encephalopathy, a splenial "snowball-like" lesion, and branch retinal artery occlusions with distal arterial wall hyperintensity. Although the pathophysiology of Susac syndrome remains unclear, this case is in line with the ongoing debate about the influence of SARS-CoV-2 on the human immune system. Corticosteroid treatment was initiated, followed by two treatments with rituximab, with clinical improvement of the symptomatology. Maintenance treatment currently consists of mycophenolic acid (MPA). Future research will need to focus on the underlying mechanisms for COVID-19-associated (autoimmune) complications.
Keywords
Virology, Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience, Neurology (clinical), Neurology, Snowball-like lesion, Susac syndrome, COVID-19

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MLA
Raymaekers, Vincent, et al. “Susac Syndrome Complicating a SARS-CoV-2 Infection.” JOURNAL OF NEUROVIROLOGY, vol. 27, no. 6, Springer Science and Business Media LLC, 2021, pp. 954–59, doi:10.1007/s13365-021-01022-7.
APA
Raymaekers, V., D’hulst, S., Herijgers, D., Vercammen, J., Fabry, A., Dutoit, J., … Vanderdonckt, P. (2021). Susac syndrome complicating a SARS-CoV-2 infection. JOURNAL OF NEUROVIROLOGY, 27(6), 954–959. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13365-021-01022-7
Chicago author-date
Raymaekers, Vincent, Simon D’hulst, Dorien Herijgers, Johanna Vercammen, Annelies Fabry, Julie Dutoit, Emmanuel D’Heygere, Evelien Vancaester, and Patrick Vanderdonckt. 2021. “Susac Syndrome Complicating a SARS-CoV-2 Infection.” JOURNAL OF NEUROVIROLOGY 27 (6): 954–59. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13365-021-01022-7.
Chicago author-date (all authors)
Raymaekers, Vincent, Simon D’hulst, Dorien Herijgers, Johanna Vercammen, Annelies Fabry, Julie Dutoit, Emmanuel D’Heygere, Evelien Vancaester, and Patrick Vanderdonckt. 2021. “Susac Syndrome Complicating a SARS-CoV-2 Infection.” JOURNAL OF NEUROVIROLOGY 27 (6): 954–959. doi:10.1007/s13365-021-01022-7.
Vancouver
1.
Raymaekers V, D’hulst S, Herijgers D, Vercammen J, Fabry A, Dutoit J, et al. Susac syndrome complicating a SARS-CoV-2 infection. JOURNAL OF NEUROVIROLOGY. 2021;27(6):954–9.
IEEE
[1]
V. Raymaekers et al., “Susac syndrome complicating a SARS-CoV-2 infection,” JOURNAL OF NEUROVIROLOGY, vol. 27, no. 6, pp. 954–959, 2021.
@article{01GQ7KSBBRD048ZNHP6A18ZVF8,
  abstract     = {{In 2020 the world was captivated by the COVID-19 pandemic. Current scientific evidence suggests an interaction of SARS-CoV-2 and the human immune system. Multiple cases were reported of patients with COVID-19 presenting with encephalopathy, confusion or agitation, stroke, and other neurologic symptoms. We present a case of a 40-year-old man diagnosed with Susac syndrome after COVID-19, presenting with acute sensorineural hearing loss, encephalopathy, a splenial "snowball-like" lesion, and branch retinal artery occlusions with distal arterial wall hyperintensity. Although the pathophysiology of Susac syndrome remains unclear, this case is in line with the ongoing debate about the influence of SARS-CoV-2 on the human immune system. Corticosteroid treatment was initiated, followed by two treatments with rituximab, with clinical improvement of the symptomatology. Maintenance treatment currently consists of mycophenolic acid (MPA). Future research will need to focus on the underlying mechanisms for COVID-19-associated (autoimmune) complications.}},
  author       = {{Raymaekers, Vincent and D'hulst, Simon and Herijgers, Dorien and Vercammen, Johanna and Fabry, Annelies and Dutoit, Julie and D’Heygere, Emmanuel and Vancaester, Evelien and Vanderdonckt, Patrick}},
  issn         = {{1355-0284}},
  journal      = {{JOURNAL OF NEUROVIROLOGY}},
  keywords     = {{Virology,Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience,Neurology (clinical),Neurology,Snowball-like lesion,Susac syndrome,COVID-19}},
  language     = {{eng}},
  number       = {{6}},
  pages        = {{954--959}},
  publisher    = {{Springer Science and Business Media LLC}},
  title        = {{Susac syndrome complicating a SARS-CoV-2 infection}},
  url          = {{http://doi.org/10.1007/s13365-021-01022-7}},
  volume       = {{27}},
  year         = {{2021}},
}
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