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A 96-channel 40nm CMOS potentiostat for parallel experiments on microbial electrochemical systems

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Abstract
Monitoring microbial electrochemical processes in a time-and cost-efficient manner requires multi-channel potentiostats with the capability to control each channel towards a unique targeted potential. State-of-the-art (SotA) PCB potentiostats cannot perform high-frequency analysis due to their limited bandwidth. Existing integrated CMOS potentiostats on the other hand enable higher sensing channel density with a high bandwidth, yet are still limited in the number of parallel stimulation channels. The presented 40nm CMOS potentiostat chip overcomes this bottleneck with 96 individually controllable stimulation and sensing channels with a wide 12 pA - 137 mu A current range and up to 3 MHz bandwidth. The architecture is optimized for area-efficiency and includes a digital feedback controller integrated on-chip, supporting multi-functional electrochemical analysis techniques. Fully parallel operation is demonstrated for a (bio-)electrochemical measurement.
Keywords
Bandwidth, Sensors, Electric potential, Integrated circuit modeling, Semiconductor device modeling, Redox, Electrochemical processes, Multi-channel potentiostat, microbial electrochemical systems, wide current range, digital feedback controller, area-efficient design, ARRAY, FERRICYANIDE, PLATFORM, BIOFILM, DESIGN, CELL

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MLA
Li, Peishuo, et al. “A 96-Channel 40nm CMOS Potentiostat for Parallel Experiments on Microbial Electrochemical Systems.” IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON CIRCUITS AND SYSTEMS I-REGULAR PAPERS, vol. 70, no. 1, 2023, pp. 114–27, doi:10.1109/tcsi.2022.3214470.
APA
Li, P., Molderez, T. R., Hernandez Villamor, D., Prévoteau, A., & Verhelst, M. (2023). A 96-channel 40nm CMOS potentiostat for parallel experiments on microbial electrochemical systems. IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON CIRCUITS AND SYSTEMS I-REGULAR PAPERS, 70(1), 114–127. https://doi.org/10.1109/tcsi.2022.3214470
Chicago author-date
Li, Peishuo, Tom R. Molderez, David Hernandez Villamor, Antonin Prévoteau, and Marian Verhelst. 2023. “A 96-Channel 40nm CMOS Potentiostat for Parallel Experiments on Microbial Electrochemical Systems.” IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON CIRCUITS AND SYSTEMS I-REGULAR PAPERS 70 (1): 114–27. https://doi.org/10.1109/tcsi.2022.3214470.
Chicago author-date (all authors)
Li, Peishuo, Tom R. Molderez, David Hernandez Villamor, Antonin Prévoteau, and Marian Verhelst. 2023. “A 96-Channel 40nm CMOS Potentiostat for Parallel Experiments on Microbial Electrochemical Systems.” IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON CIRCUITS AND SYSTEMS I-REGULAR PAPERS 70 (1): 114–127. doi:10.1109/tcsi.2022.3214470.
Vancouver
1.
Li P, Molderez TR, Hernandez Villamor D, Prévoteau A, Verhelst M. A 96-channel 40nm CMOS potentiostat for parallel experiments on microbial electrochemical systems. IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON CIRCUITS AND SYSTEMS I-REGULAR PAPERS. 2023;70(1):114–27.
IEEE
[1]
P. Li, T. R. Molderez, D. Hernandez Villamor, A. Prévoteau, and M. Verhelst, “A 96-channel 40nm CMOS potentiostat for parallel experiments on microbial electrochemical systems,” IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON CIRCUITS AND SYSTEMS I-REGULAR PAPERS, vol. 70, no. 1, pp. 114–127, 2023.
@article{01GPXM5Q6B4H44REQYMC8X9HEM,
  abstract     = {{Monitoring microbial electrochemical processes in a time-and cost-efficient manner requires multi-channel potentiostats with the capability to control each channel towards a unique targeted potential. State-of-the-art (SotA) PCB potentiostats cannot perform high-frequency analysis due to their limited bandwidth. Existing integrated CMOS potentiostats on the other hand enable higher sensing channel density with a high bandwidth, yet are still limited in the number of parallel stimulation channels. The presented 40nm CMOS potentiostat chip overcomes this bottleneck with 96 individually controllable stimulation and sensing channels with a wide 12 pA - 137 mu A current range and up to 3 MHz bandwidth. The architecture is optimized for area-efficiency and includes a digital feedback controller integrated on-chip, supporting multi-functional electrochemical analysis techniques. Fully parallel operation is demonstrated for a (bio-)electrochemical measurement.}},
  author       = {{Li, Peishuo and Molderez, Tom R. and Hernandez Villamor, David and Prévoteau, Antonin and Verhelst, Marian}},
  issn         = {{1549-8328}},
  journal      = {{IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON CIRCUITS AND SYSTEMS I-REGULAR PAPERS}},
  keywords     = {{Bandwidth,Sensors,Electric potential,Integrated circuit modeling,Semiconductor device modeling,Redox,Electrochemical processes,Multi-channel potentiostat,microbial electrochemical systems,wide current range,digital feedback controller,area-efficient design,ARRAY,FERRICYANIDE,PLATFORM,BIOFILM,DESIGN,CELL}},
  language     = {{eng}},
  number       = {{1}},
  pages        = {{114--127}},
  title        = {{A 96-channel 40nm CMOS potentiostat for parallel experiments on microbial electrochemical systems}},
  url          = {{http://doi.org/10.1109/tcsi.2022.3214470}},
  volume       = {{70}},
  year         = {{2023}},
}

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