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PHANGS-JWST first results : multi-wavelength view of feedback-driven bubbles (The Phantom Voids) across NGC 628

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Abstract
We present a high-resolution view of bubbles within The Phantom Galaxy (NGC 628); a nearby (~10Mpc), star-forming (~2Msun/yr), face-on (i~9deg) grand-design spiral galaxy. With new data obtained as part of the PHANGS-JWST treasury program, we perform a detailed case-study of two regions of interest, one of which contains the largest and most prominent bubble in the galaxy (The Phantom Void; over 1kpc in diameter), and the other being a smaller region that may be the precursor to such a large bubble (The Precursor Phantom Void). When comparing to matched resolution Halpha observations from the Hubble Space Telescope (HST), we see that the ionized gas is brightest in the shells of both bubbles, and is coincident with the youngest (~1Myr) and most massive (~100,000Msun) stellar associations. We also find an older generation (~20Myr) of stellar associations is present within the bubble of The Phantom Void. From our kinematic analysis of the HI, H2 (CO) and HII gas across The Phantom Void, we infer a high expansion speed of around 15 to 50km/s. The large size and high expansion speed of The Phantom Void suggest that the driving mechanism is sustained stellar feedback due to multiple mechanisms, where early feedback first cleared a bubble (as we observe now in The Precursor Phantom Void), and since then SNe have been exploding within the cavity, and have accelerated the shell. Finally, comparison to simulations shows a striking resemblance to our JWST observations, and suggests that such large-scale stellar feedback-driven bubbles should be common within other galaxies.
Keywords
COSMOLOGICAL GALAXY EVOLUTION, INEFFICIENT STAR-FORMATION, GIANT MOLECULAR CLOUDS, UV-RADIATION FEEDBACK, H ALPHA MORPHOLOGIES, SUPERBUBBLE FEEDBACK, INTERSTELLAR-MEDIUM, SUPERNOVA FEEDBACK, STELLAR FEEDBACK, NEARBY GALAXIES

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MLA
T. Barnes, Ashley, et al. “PHANGS-JWST First Results : Multi-Wavelength View of Feedback-Driven Bubbles (The Phantom Voids) across NGC 628.” ASTRONOMICAL JOURNAL, vol. 944, no. 4, 2023, doi:10.3847/2041-8213/aca7b9.
APA
T. Barnes, A., J. Watkins, E., van der Wel, S. M., Kreckel, K., C. Sormani, M., G. Tress, R., … G. Williams, T. (2023). PHANGS-JWST first results : multi-wavelength view of feedback-driven bubbles (The Phantom Voids) across NGC 628. ASTRONOMICAL JOURNAL, 944(4). https://doi.org/10.3847/2041-8213/aca7b9
Chicago author-date
T. Barnes, Ashley, Elizabeth J. Watkins, Sharon Meidt van der Wel, Kathryn Kreckel, Mattia C. Sormani, Robin G. Tress, Simon C. O. Glover, et al. 2023. “PHANGS-JWST First Results : Multi-Wavelength View of Feedback-Driven Bubbles (The Phantom Voids) across NGC 628.” ASTRONOMICAL JOURNAL 944 (4). https://doi.org/10.3847/2041-8213/aca7b9.
Chicago author-date (all authors)
T. Barnes, Ashley, Elizabeth J. Watkins, Sharon Meidt van der Wel, Kathryn Kreckel, Mattia C. Sormani, Robin G. Tress, Simon C. O. Glover, Frank Bigiel, Rupali Chandar, Eric Emsellem, Janice C. Lee, Adam K. Leroy, Karin M. Sandstrom, Eva Schinnerer, Erik W. Rosolowsky, Francesco Belfiore, Guillermo Blanc, Mederic Boquien, Jakob S. den Brok, Yixian Cao, Mélanie Chevance, Daniel A. Dale, Oleg Egorov, Cosima Eibensteiner, Kathryn Grasha, Brent Groves, Hamid Hassani, Jonathan Henshaw, Sarah Jeffreson, Maria Jesus Jimenez-Donaire, Benjamin W. Keller, Ralf S. Klessen, Eric W. Koch, J. M. Diederik Kruijssen, Kirsten L. Larson, Jing Li, Daizhong Liu, Laura A. Lopez, Eric J. Murphy, Lukas Neumann, Jerome Pety, Francesca Pinna, Miguel Querejeta, Florent Renaud, Toshiki Saito, Sumit Sarbadhicary, Amy Sardone, Rowan J. Smith, Sophia K. Stuber, Jiayi Sun, David A. Thilker, Antonio Usero, Bradley C. Whitmore, and Thomas G. Williams. 2023. “PHANGS-JWST First Results : Multi-Wavelength View of Feedback-Driven Bubbles (The Phantom Voids) across NGC 628.” ASTRONOMICAL JOURNAL 944 (4). doi:10.3847/2041-8213/aca7b9.
Vancouver
1.
T. Barnes A, J. Watkins E, van der Wel SM, Kreckel K, C. Sormani M, G. Tress R, et al. PHANGS-JWST first results : multi-wavelength view of feedback-driven bubbles (The Phantom Voids) across NGC 628. ASTRONOMICAL JOURNAL. 2023;944(4).
IEEE
[1]
A. T. Barnes et al., “PHANGS-JWST first results : multi-wavelength view of feedback-driven bubbles (The Phantom Voids) across NGC 628,” ASTRONOMICAL JOURNAL, vol. 944, no. 4, 2023.
@article{01GKMJDDBZCSQTK8MYRBAHQBPZ,
  abstract     = {{  We present a high-resolution view of bubbles within The Phantom Galaxy (NGC
628); a nearby (~10Mpc), star-forming (~2Msun/yr), face-on (i~9deg)
grand-design spiral galaxy. With new data obtained as part of the PHANGS-JWST
treasury program, we perform a detailed case-study of two regions of interest,
one of which contains the largest and most prominent bubble in the galaxy (The
Phantom Void; over 1kpc in diameter), and the other being a smaller region that
may be the precursor to such a large bubble (The Precursor Phantom Void). When
comparing to matched resolution Halpha observations from the Hubble Space
Telescope (HST), we see that the ionized gas is brightest in the shells of both
bubbles, and is coincident with the youngest (~1Myr) and most massive
(~100,000Msun) stellar associations. We also find an older generation (~20Myr)
of stellar associations is present within the bubble of The Phantom Void. From
our kinematic analysis of the HI, H2 (CO) and HII gas across The Phantom Void,
we infer a high expansion speed of around 15 to 50km/s. The large size and high
expansion speed of The Phantom Void suggest that the driving mechanism is
sustained stellar feedback due to multiple mechanisms, where early feedback
first cleared a bubble (as we observe now in The Precursor Phantom Void), and
since then SNe have been exploding within the cavity, and have accelerated the
shell. Finally, comparison to simulations shows a striking resemblance to our
JWST observations, and suggests that such large-scale stellar feedback-driven
bubbles should be common within other galaxies.
}},
  articleno    = {{L22}},
  author       = {{T. Barnes, Ashley and J. Watkins, Elizabeth and van der Wel, Sharon Meidt and Kreckel, Kathryn and C. Sormani, Mattia and G. Tress, Robin and C. O. Glover, Simon and Bigiel, Frank and Chandar, Rupali and Emsellem, Eric and C. Lee, Janice and K. Leroy, Adam and M. Sandstrom, Karin and Schinnerer, Eva and W. Rosolowsky, Erik and Belfiore, Francesco and Blanc, Guillermo and Boquien, Mederic and S. den Brok, Jakob and Cao, Yixian and Chevance, Mélanie and A. Dale, Daniel and Egorov, Oleg and Eibensteiner, Cosima and Grasha, Kathryn and Groves, Brent and Hassani, Hamid and Henshaw, Jonathan and Jeffreson, Sarah and Jesus Jimenez-Donaire, Maria and W. Keller, Benjamin and S. Klessen, Ralf and W. Koch, Eric and M. Diederik Kruijssen, J. and L. Larson, Kirsten and Li, Jing and Liu, Daizhong and A. Lopez, Laura and J. Murphy, Eric and Neumann, Lukas and Pety, Jerome and Pinna, Francesca and Querejeta, Miguel and Renaud, Florent and Saito, Toshiki and Sarbadhicary, Sumit and Sardone, Amy and J. Smith, Rowan and K. Stuber, Sophia and Sun, Jiayi and A. Thilker, David and Usero, Antonio and C. Whitmore, Bradley and G. Williams, Thomas}},
  issn         = {{2041-8205}},
  journal      = {{ASTRONOMICAL JOURNAL}},
  keywords     = {{COSMOLOGICAL GALAXY EVOLUTION,INEFFICIENT STAR-FORMATION,GIANT MOLECULAR CLOUDS,UV-RADIATION FEEDBACK,H ALPHA MORPHOLOGIES,SUPERBUBBLE FEEDBACK,INTERSTELLAR-MEDIUM,SUPERNOVA FEEDBACK,STELLAR FEEDBACK,NEARBY GALAXIES}},
  language     = {{eng}},
  number       = {{4}},
  pages        = {{13}},
  title        = {{PHANGS-JWST first results : multi-wavelength view of feedback-driven bubbles (The Phantom Voids) across NGC 628}},
  url          = {{http://doi.org/10.3847/2041-8213/aca7b9}},
  volume       = {{944}},
  year         = {{2023}},
}

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