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K ėtimologii dr.-gr. teonima Κρόνος : zametki o morfologičeskom tipe na -όνο- = On the etymology of the Ancient Greek theonym Κρόνος : notes on the morphological type in -όνο-

Leonid Kulikov (UGent)
(2022) ACTA LINGUISTICA PETROPOLITANA. 18(1). p.187-198
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Abstract
The article discusses the etymology of the Greek theonym Κρόνος (Cronus), qualified by all dictionaries as etymologically unclear. I argue that this name can be considered as a member of the small class of nouns in ‑ όνο‑ with agent‑instrumental semantics. Following an old proposal by H. D. Müller (later advocated by M. Janda), I adopt the analysis of this name as a derivative of the verbal root *κερ‑ (cf. κείρω ‘cut’, Arm. kʻerem ‘scratch, rub’, Old Norse skera ‘cut’, etc.), thus explaining the name of the harvest god Cronus as ‘the one who cuts; castrator’, referring to one of his main functions as well as to the myth of castration of his father Uranus by Cronus. The class of nouns in ‑ όνο‑ (/ f. ‑ονη) arguably includes such nouns as θρ‑όνο‑ς ‘seat, chair’ (analysable as a derivative of *θερ‑ < PIE *dʰer‑ ‘fix, hold’), κλ‑όνο‑ς ‘excitement, throng’, φθ‑όνο‑ς ‘malice, envy’ (PIE *dʰegʷʰ‑ ‘almost reach’), βελ‑όνη ‘needle’ (PIE *gʷel‑ ‘throw, pierce’); ἀκ‑όνη ‘whetstone’ (PIE *h₂eḱ‑ ‘sharp(en)’). Possible correspondences of this morphological type outside Greek may include the Celtic type in ‑ono/ā‑ (cf. Nechtan, Mātronā) and Indo‑Iranian formations in ‑āna‑ of the type yudhāna‑ ‘enemy’ (yudh ‘fight’) or budhāna‑ ‘sage, teacher’ (budh ‘awake; observe, perceive’), formally coinciding with the middle participles made from root stems and, probably, partly absorbed by them.
Keywords
Κρόνος, Greek, Sanskrit, etymology, formations in ‑ όνο‑, theonym, middle participle, root stem, agentive

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MLA
Kulikov, Leonid. “K Ėtimologii Dr.-Gr. Teonima Κρόνος : Zametki o Morfologičeskom Tipe Na -Όνο- = On the Etymology of the Ancient Greek Theonym Κρόνος : Notes on the Morphological Type in -Όνο-.” ACTA LINGUISTICA PETROPOLITANA, vol. 18, no. 1, 2022, pp. 187–98, doi:10.30842/alp23065737181187198.
APA
Kulikov, L. (2022). K ėtimologii dr.-gr. teonima Κρόνος : zametki o morfologičeskom tipe na -όνο- = On the etymology of the Ancient Greek theonym Κρόνος : notes on the morphological type in -όνο-. ACTA LINGUISTICA PETROPOLITANA, 18(1), 187–198. https://doi.org/10.30842/alp23065737181187198
Chicago author-date
Kulikov, Leonid. 2022. “K Ėtimologii Dr.-Gr. Teonima Κρόνος : Zametki o Morfologičeskom Tipe Na -Όνο- = On the Etymology of the Ancient Greek Theonym Κρόνος : Notes on the Morphological Type in -Όνο-.” ACTA LINGUISTICA PETROPOLITANA 18 (1): 187–98. https://doi.org/10.30842/alp23065737181187198.
Chicago author-date (all authors)
Kulikov, Leonid. 2022. “K Ėtimologii Dr.-Gr. Teonima Κρόνος : Zametki o Morfologičeskom Tipe Na -Όνο- = On the Etymology of the Ancient Greek Theonym Κρόνος : Notes on the Morphological Type in -Όνο-.” ACTA LINGUISTICA PETROPOLITANA 18 (1): 187–198. doi:10.30842/alp23065737181187198.
Vancouver
1.
Kulikov L. K ėtimologii dr.-gr. teonima Κρόνος : zametki o morfologičeskom tipe na -όνο- = On the etymology of the Ancient Greek theonym Κρόνος : notes on the morphological type in -όνο-. ACTA LINGUISTICA PETROPOLITANA. 2022;18(1):187–98.
IEEE
[1]
L. Kulikov, “K ėtimologii dr.-gr. teonima Κρόνος : zametki o morfologičeskom tipe na -όνο- = On the etymology of the Ancient Greek theonym Κρόνος : notes on the morphological type in -όνο-,” ACTA LINGUISTICA PETROPOLITANA, vol. 18, no. 1, pp. 187–198, 2022.
@article{01GJXHB5K5XWY2Y808XJM38CB1,
  abstract     = {{The article discusses the etymology of the Greek theonym Κρόνος (Cronus), qualified by all dictionaries as etymologically unclear. I argue that this name can be considered as a member of the small class of nouns in ‑ όνο‑ with agent‑instrumental semantics. Following an old proposal by H. D. Müller (later advocated by M. Janda), I adopt the analysis of this name as a derivative of the verbal root *κερ‑ (cf. κείρω ‘cut’, Arm. kʻerem ‘scratch, rub’, Old Norse skera ‘cut’, etc.), thus explaining the name of the harvest god Cronus as ‘the one who cuts; castrator’, referring to one of his main functions as well as to the myth of castration of his father Uranus by Cronus. The class of nouns in ‑ όνο‑ (/ f. ‑ονη) arguably includes such nouns as θρ‑όνο‑ς ‘seat, chair’ (analysable as a derivative of *θερ‑ < PIE *dʰer‑ ‘fix, hold’), κλ‑όνο‑ς ‘excitement, throng’, φθ‑όνο‑ς ‘malice, envy’ (PIE *dʰegʷʰ‑ ‘almost reach’), βελ‑όνη ‘needle’
(PIE *gʷel‑ ‘throw, pierce’); ἀκ‑όνη ‘whetstone’ (PIE *h₂eḱ‑ ‘sharp(en)’). Possible correspondences of this morphological type outside Greek may include the Celtic type in ‑ono/ā‑ (cf. Nechtan, Mātronā) and Indo‑Iranian formations in ‑āna‑ of the type yudhāna‑ ‘enemy’ (yudh ‘fight’) or budhāna‑ ‘sage, teacher’ (budh ‘awake; observe, perceive’), formally coinciding with the middle participles made from root stems and, probably, partly absorbed by them.}},
  author       = {{Kulikov, Leonid}},
  issn         = {{2306-5737}},
  journal      = {{ACTA LINGUISTICA PETROPOLITANA}},
  keywords     = {{Κρόνος,Greek,Sanskrit,etymology,formations in ‑ όνο‑,theonym,middle participle,root stem,agentive}},
  language     = {{rus}},
  number       = {{1}},
  pages        = {{187--198}},
  title        = {{K ėtimologii dr.-gr. teonima Κρόνος : zametki o morfologičeskom tipe na -όνο- = On the etymology of the Ancient Greek theonym Κρόνος : notes on the morphological type in -όνο-}},
  url          = {{http://doi.org/10.30842/alp23065737181187198}},
  volume       = {{18}},
  year         = {{2022}},
}
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