@article{01GJFX63ASJ5D8Y4E5CY5NMA77,
  abstract     = {{Along their long propagation from production to detection, neutrinos undergo flavour conversions that convert their types or flavours(1,2). High-energy astrophysical neutrinos propagate unperturbed over a billion light years in vacuum(3) and are sensitive to small effects caused by new physics. Effects of quantum gravity4 are expected to appear at the Planck energy scale. Such a high-energy universe would have existed only immediately after the Big Bang and is inaccessible by human technologies. On the other hand, quantum gravity effects may exist in our low-energy vacuum(5-8), but are suppressed by inverse powers of the Planck energy. Measuring the coupling of particles to such small effects is difficult via kinematic observables, but could be observable through flavour conversions. Here we report a search with the IceCube Neutrino Observatory, using astrophysical neutrino flavours(9,10) to search for new space-time structure. We did not find any evidence of anomalous flavour conversion in the IceCube astrophysical neutrino flavour data. We apply the most stringent limits of any known technologies, down to 10(-42) GeV-2 with Bayes factor greater than 10 on the dimension-six operators that parameterize the space-time defects. We thus unambiguously reach the parameter space of quantum-gravity-motivated physics.}},
  author       = {{Abbasi, R. and  Ackermann, M. and  Adams, J. and  Aguilar, J. A. and  Ahlers, M. and  Ahrens, M. and  Alameddine, J. M. and  Alispach, C. and  Alves, A. A. and  Amin, N. M. and  Andeen, K. and  Anderson, T. and  Anton, G. and  Arguelles, C. and  Ashida, Y. and  Axani, S. and  Bai, X. and  Balagopal, A. and  Barbano, A. and  Barwick, S. W. and  Bastian, B. and  Basu, V and  Baur, S. and  Bay, R. and  Beatty, J. J. and  Becker, K-H and  Tjus, J. Becker and  Bellenghi, C. and  BenZvi, S. and  Berley, D. and  Bernardini, E. and  Besson, D. Z. and  Binder, G. and  Bindig, D. and  Blaufuss, E. and  Blot, S. and  Boddenberg, M. and  Bontempo, F. and  Borowka, J. and  Boser, S. and  Botner, O. and  Bottcher, J. and  Bourbeau, E. and  Bradascio, F. and  Braun, J. and  Brinson, B. and  Bron, S. and  Brostean-Kaiser, J. and  Browne, S. and  Burgman, A. and  Burley, R. T. and  Busse, R. S. and  Campana, M. A. and  Carnie-Bronca, E. G. and  Chen, C. and  Chen, Z. and  Chirkin, D. and  Choi, K. and  Clark, B. A. and  Clark, K. and  Classen, L. and  Coleman, A. and  Collin, G. H. and  Conrad, J. M. and  Coppin, P. and  Correa, P. and  Cowen, D. F. and  Cross, R. and  Dappen, C. and  Dave, P. and  De Clercq, C. and  DeLaunay, J. J. and  Lopez, D. Delgado and  Dembinski, H. and  Deoskar, K. and  Desai, A. and  Desiati, P. and  de Vries, K. D. and  de Wasseige, G. and  de With, M. and  DeYoung, T. and  Diaz, A. and  Diaz-Velez, J. C. and  Dittmer, M. and  Dujmovic, H. and  Dunkman, M. and  DuVernois, M. A. and  Dvorak, E. and  Ehrhardt, T. and  Eller, P. and  Engel, R. and  Erpenbeck, H. and  Evans, J. and  Evenson, P. A. and  Fan, K. L. and  Farrag, K. and  Fazely, A. R. and  Feigl, N. and  Fiedlschuster, S. and  Fienberg, A. T. and  Filimonov, K. and  Finley, C. and  Fischer, L. and  Fox, D. and  Franckowiak, A. and  Friedman, E. and  Fritz, A. and  Furst, P. and  Gaisser, T. K. and  Gallagher, J. and  Ganster, E. and  Garcia, A. and  Garrappa, S. and  Gerhardt, L. and  Ghadimi, A. and  Glaser, C. and  Glauch, T. and  Glusenkamp, T. and  Gonzalez, J. G. and  Goswami, S. and  Grant, D. and  Gregoire, T. and  Griswold, S. and  Gunther, C. and  Gutjahr, P. and  Haack, C. and  Hallgren, A. and  Halliday, R. and  Halve, L. and  Halzen, F. and  Ha Minh, M. and  Hanson, K. and  Hardin, J. and  Harnisch, A. A. and  Haungs, A. and  Hebecker, D. and  Helbing, K. and  Henningsen, F. and  Hettinger, E. C. and  Hickford, S. and  Hignight, J. and  Hill, C. and  Hill, G. C. and  Hoffman, K. D. and  Hoffmann, R. and  Hokanson-Fasig, B. and  Hoshina, K. and  Huang, F. and  Huber, M. and  Huber, T. and  Hultqvist, K. and  Hunnefeld, M. and  Hussain, R. and  Hymon, K. and  In, S. and  Iovine, N. and  Ishihara, A. and  Jansson, M. and  Japaridze, G. S. and  Jeong, M. and  Jin, M. and  Jones, B. J. P. and  Kang, D. and  Kang, W. and  Kang, X. and  Kappes, A. and  Kappesser, D. and  Kardum, L. and  Karg, T. and  Karl, M. and  Karle, A. and  Katori, T. and  Katz, U. and  Kauer, M. and  Kellermann, M. and  Kelley, J. L. and  Kheirandish, A. and  Kin, K. and  Kintscher, T. and  Kiryluk, J. and  Klein, S. R. and  Koirala, R. and  Kolanoski, H. and  Kontrimas, T. and  Koepke, L. and  Kopper, C. and  Kopper, S. and  Koskinen, D. J. and  Koundal, P. and  Kovacevich, M. and  Kowalski, M. and  Kozynets, T. and  Kun, E. and  Kurahashi, N. and  Lad, N. and  Gualda, C. Lagunas and  Lanfranchi, J. L. and  Larson, M. J. and  Lauber, F. and  Lazar, J. P. and  Lee, J. W. and  Leonard, K. and  Li, Y. and  Lincetto, M. and  Liu, Q. R. and  Liubarska, M. and  Lohfink, E. and  Mariscal, C. J. Lozano and  Lu, L. and  Lucarelli, F. and  Ludwig, A. and  Luszczak, W. and  Lyu, Y. and  Ma, W. Y. and  Madsen, J. and  Mahn, K. B. M. and  Makino, Y. and  Mancina, S. and  Mandalia, S. and  Martinez-Soler, I and  Maruyama, R. and  Mase, K. and  McElroy, T. and  McNally, F. and  Mead, J. and  Meagher, K. and  Mechbal, S. and  Medina, A. and  Meier, M. and  Meighen-Berger, S. and  Micallef, J. and  Mockler, D. and  Montaruli, T. and  Moore, R. W. and  Morse, R. and  Moulai, M. and  Naab, R. and  Nagai, R. and  Naumann, U. and  Necker, J. and  Nguyen, L. and  Niederhausen, H. and  Nisa, M. U. and  Nowicki, S. C. and  Pollmann, A. Obertacke and  Oehler, M. and Oeyen, Bob and  Olivas, A. and  O'Sullivan, E. and  Pandya, H. and  Pankova, D. and  Park, N. and  Parker, G. K. and  Paudel, E. N. and  Paul, L. and  de los Heros, C. Perez and  Peters, L. and  Peterson, J. and  Philippen, S. and  Pieper, S. and  Pittermann, M. and  Pizzuto, A. and  Plum, M. and  Popovych, Y. and Porcelli, Alessio and  Rodriguez, M. Prado and  Price, P. B. and  Pries, B. and  Przybylski, G. T. and  Raab, C. and  Raissi, A. and  Rameez, M. and  Rawlins, K. and  Rea, I. C. and  Rehman, A. and  Reichherzer, P. and  Reimann, R. and  Renzi, G. and  Resconi, E. and  Reusch, S. and  Rhode, W. and  Richman, M. and  Riedel, B. and  Roberts, E. J. and  Robertson, S. and  Roellinghoff, G. and  Rongen, M. and  Rott, C. and  Ruhe, T. and Ryckbosch, Dirk and  Cantu, D. Rysewyk and  Safa, I and  Saffer, J. and  Herrera, S. E. Sanchez and  Sandrock, A. and  Sandroos, J. and  Santander, M. and  Sarkar, S. and  Sarkar, S. and  Satalecka, K. and  Schaufel, M. and  Schieler, H. and  Schindler, S. and  Schmidt, T. and  Schneider, A. and  Schneider, J. and  Schroder, F. G. and  Schumacher, L. and  Schwefer, G. and  Sclafani, S. and  Seckel, D. and  Seunarine, S. and  Sharma, A. and  Shefali, S. and  Silva, M. and  Skrzypek, B. and  Smithers, B. and  Snihur, R. and  Soedingrekso, J. and  Soldin, D. and  Spannfellner, C. and  Spiczak, G. M. and  Spiering, C. and  Stachurska, J. and  Stamatikos, M. and  Stanev, T. and  Stein, R. and  Stettner, J. and  Steuer, A. and  Stezelberger, T. and  Sturwald, T. and  Stuttard, T. and  Sullivan, G. W. and  Taboada, I and  Ter-Antonyan, S. and  Tilav, S. and  Tischbein, F. and  Tollefson, K. and  Tonnis, C. and  Toscano, S. and  Tosi, D. and  Trettin, A. and  Tselengidou, M. and  Tung, C. F. and  Turcati, A. and  Turcotte, R. and  Turley, C. F. and  Twagirayezu, J. P. and  Ty, B. and  Elorrieta, M. A. Unland and  Valtonen-Mattila, N. and  Vandenbroucke, J. and  van Eijndhoven, N. and  Vannerom, D. and  van Santen, J. and Verpoest, Stef and  Walck, C. and  Watson, T. B. and  Weaver, C. and  Weigel, P. and  Weindl, A. and  Weiss, M. J. and  Weldert, J. and  Wendt, C. and  Werthebach, J. and  Weyrauch, M. and  Whitehorn, N. and  Wiebusch, C. H. and  Williams, D. R. and  Wolf, M. and  Woschnagg, K. and  Wrede, G. and  Wulff, J. and  Xu, X. W. and  Yanez, J. P. and  Yoshida, S. and  Yu, S. and  Yuan, T. and  Zhang, Z. and  Zhelnin, P.}},
  issn         = {{1745-2473}},
  journal      = {{NATURE PHYSICS}},
  language     = {{und}},
  number       = {{11}},
  pages        = {{1287--1292}},
  title        = {{Search for quantum gravity using astrophysical neutrino flavour with IceCube}},
  url          = {{http://doi.org/10.1038/s41567-022-01762-1}},
  volume       = {{18}},
  year         = {{2022}},
}

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