Academic Bibliography
https://biblio.ugent.be/
Ghent University Academic Bibliography2000-01-01T00:00+00:001monthlyPolicy recommendations for international regulations addressing air pollution from ships
https://biblio.ugent.be/publication/01HFH0F7KK65TK564KCPCXDQR8
Van Roy, WardMerveille, Jean-BaptisteVan Nieuwenhove, AnneloreScheldeman, KobeMaes, Frank2024Since 2015, Belgium has undertaken remote measurement activities to monitor SO2 and NOx emissions from ships to single out ships for on-board inspections in ports. One of the main challenges in enhancing the enforcement capabilities revolves around using these remote measurements as legal evidence. Previous studies have demonstrated that when an appropriate measurement uncertainty is taken into account, remote measurements can provide scientifically reliable evidence to verify compliance to fuel sulphur standards (FSC) and even to NOx emission limits described by MARPOL Annex VI. Nonetheless, remote SO2 and NOx measurements have so far not been used for direct legal action. In the first section of this article, the potential use of these remote measurements as legal evidence within international and national legal instruments is examined. Furthermore, while there are guidelines to enforce compliance with FSC standards in port, there are currently no recognized methods to enforce real-world NOx emissions at sea. In this context, standardized remote measurement procedures could potentially become a valuable tool in combination with specific vessel data (keel laying year, engine rated speed, power, …), in establishing an enforcement mechanism for NOx. This would require specific changes to the current NOx regulations. Within the Bonn Agreement, the MARPOL Annex VI Working Groups identified certain regulatory gaps that need to be addressed in order to effectively reduce emissions from ships and improve enforcement capacity. In the second part of this article a critical analysis of these recommendations and the results of these discussions towards new regulations is presented.application/pdfhttps://biblio.ugent.be/publication/01HFH0F7KK65TK564KCPCXDQR8http://hdl.handle.net/1854/LU-01HFH0F7KK65TK564KCPCXDQR8http://doi.org/10.1016/j.marpol.2023.105913https://biblio.ugent.be/publication/01HFH0F7KK65TK564KCPCXDQR8/file/01HFH0H1K5QN2B3K32P95YVXQKengNo license (in copyright)info:eu-repo/semantics/restrictedAccessMARINE POLICYISSN: 0308-597XISSN: 1872-9460Law and Political ScienceLawManagement, Monitoring, Policy and LawEconomics and EconometricsGeneral Environmental ScienceAquatic SciencePolicy recommendations for international regulations addressing air pollution from shipsjournalArticleinfo:eu-repo/semantics/articleinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersionThe hidden costs of multi-use at sea
https://biblio.ugent.be/publication/01HMTSJQQPTZHFYX364H97194K
Ciravegna, E.van Hoof, L.Frier, C.Maes, FrankRasmussen, H.B.Soete, Anemoonvan den Burg, S.W.K.2024As ocean space increasingly is used for production purposes, such as for the production of food and feed, renewable energy and resource mining, competition for space becomes a concern. A spatial solution to this is to co -locate activities in a multi -use setting. Next to the direct (financial) costs and benefits of multi -use and the societal cost and benefits, there are other factors, in the realm of legal aspects, insurance, health and safety issues and the overall governance of multi -use, that determine whether multi -use can be implemented successfully. This includes transaction costs that arise when for example non -adequate regulation, governance and insurance schemes are in place. Based on the analysis of five case studies across Europe these combined/collective transaction costs of multi -use are analysed and suggestions how to reduce and/or overcome these transaction costs are presented.application/pdfhttps://biblio.ugent.be/publication/01HMTSJQQPTZHFYX364H97194Khttp://hdl.handle.net/1854/LU-01HMTSJQQPTZHFYX364H97194Khttp://doi.org/10.1016/j.marpol.2024.106017https://biblio.ugent.be/publication/01HMTSJQQPTZHFYX364H97194K/file/01HMTSRFSKCYA3YEEV3EY10N3NengCreative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0)info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessMARINE POLICYISSN: 0308-597XISSN: 1872-9460Law and Political ScienceMarine multi -useTransaction costsGovernanceSOCIAL COSTSBENEFITSRISKThe hidden costs of multi-use at seajournalArticleinfo:eu-repo/semantics/articleinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersionBeleidsondersteunend onderzoek voor een geïntegreerd kustzonebeleid in België: welk geïntegreerd kustzonebeleid?
https://biblio.ugent.be/publication/136514
Mees, JanSeys, JanCliquet, AnMaes, Frank2001application/pdfhttps://biblio.ugent.be/publication/136514http://hdl.handle.net/1854/LU-136514https://biblio.ugent.be/publication/136514/file/01HQX6EHHEX4T5AMF95MRVQFF6dutVlaams Instituut voor de Zee (VLIZ)No license (in copyright)info:eu-repo/semantics/restrictedAccessVLIZ Special PublicationISSN: 1377-0950Law and Political ScienceBeleidsondersteunend onderzoek voor een geïntegreerd kustzonebeleid in België: welk geïntegreerd kustzonebeleid?conferenceinfo:eu-repo/semantics/conferenceObjectinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion